332 



JOURNAL, R.A.S. (CEYLON). [VOL. XIX. 



8 Cf. Barbosa's statement in the extract given below (C 22). 



9 To this the editor of the Hak. Soc. Vartheraa appends the 

 following footnote : " Probably the custard apple, which in outer 

 form is not unlike an artichoke." But it is doubtful if the custard- 

 apple existed in Asia until the Portuguese introduced it from South 

 America (see Hobson-Jobson s.v. " Custard-apple"). 



10 This should be " mourning," or " lamenting " (the original has 

 piangere). 



11 Barbosa's statement (see C 22) is more correct. 



12 An erroneous statement. 



13 This is a favourite expression of the author's, and means, probably, 

 clad in long robes, such as the Italian artists depicted the apostles as 

 wearing. 



14 An error. 



15 Cf. the statements in the extracts given below from Couto and 

 the Bdjdvaliya (B 12 and B 14). 



16 This should be " messenger." 



A 19. 



Instructions that D. Francisco de Almeida carried when he went as 

 Captain- Major to India. 1 



[5 March 1505.] 



* * * * * * * 



Item: Because in India there are still so many things to dis- 

 cover, and such that when they have been discovered there may 

 result therefrom much to our service, both by the profit from the 

 things that may be there as well as by the right of ownership, and 

 in other respects much to our service, we think well that after the 

 loading of the ships is finished and they have been duly dispatched 

 and all the rest has been executed that by these instructions I 

 command you to do, not having need of all the vessels that are to 

 remain with you, you send a pair of caravels, or whatever else shall 

 seem suitable and you can well spare, to discover Ceylam, and 

 Pegu and Mallaca, and any other places and things of those parts, 

 sending in the said vessels that you thus send a person who shall 

 have the chief charge of them, and one who will do it very well 

 and with all regard to and security of our service, and in the said 

 places and in all others and any ports and countries that they 

 shall discover they shall place our padrdes of stone, 2 with the 

 royal arms and the cross of Christos at the top, 3 which padrdes 

 you shall order the stone-cutters who go to make there. 4 



******* 



1 This document is printed in Cartas de Affonso de Albuquerque ii. 

 272 ff. 



2 Regarding these padrdes or memorial pillars see First Voy. of V. da 

 Gama 169-70. 



3 Cf. B 2. 



4 In the earliest voyages the navigators carried a supply of marble 

 padrdes with them from Portugal (see Stanley's Three Voy. of V. 

 da Gama 73, 141) : this was now found to be needless. 



