AVIFAUNA OF LAYS AN, ETC. 



101 



13. HETERORHYNCHUS HANAPEPE (Wihon). 



NUKUPUU. 



Hemignathus hanapepe, Wilson, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. scr. 6, iv. p. 401 (1889) ; id. Ibis, 1890, p. 192, 

 pi. vi. fig. 1 ; id. & Evans, Aves Hawaiienses, pt. iii. text & pi. (1892). 



This rare species was discovered and described by Mr. Scott Wilson ; it was obtained at an 

 altitude of some 3000 feet, in the forest-region of Kauai. It is nearest to my H. affinis 

 from Maui, but can easily be distinguished from that species by the much yellower colour 

 of the back, which merges gradually into the yellow of the head. Prom II. lucidus of 

 Oahu it differs chiefly in the yellow head and the want of a w T ell-marked superciliary 

 stripe, and from II. wilsoni of Hawaii it differs most obviously in its curved under 

 mandible. 



Adult male. Above, head dark gamboge-yellow, almost golden yellow, brightest on the 

 forehead, gradually passing into the yellowish olive-green colour of the back, rump, 

 upper tail-coverts, and wing-coverts. Quills and tail-feathers edged with the colour of 

 the back on the outer webs. Lores black, as well as a very narrow line above the bill 

 and a tiny spot on the upper chin. Throat, sides of the head, and breast bright gamboge- 

 yellow, passing into whitish on the abdomen ; flanks and sides of the breast slightly 

 tinged with olive-green ; under tail-coverts dusky white. Under wing-coverts and 

 axillaries yellowish white. Upper mandible deep brown, paler at base, more black 

 towards the tip ; lower mandible ashy grey at base, blackish towards the tip. Tarsi and 

 toes slate-blue ; soles of feet whitish flesh-colour. 



Adult female. Above olive-grey, slightly washed with green on the forehead, lower rump, 

 and upper tail-coverts ; the upper wing-coverts, quills, and tail-feathers bordered with 

 olive-green. Below dusky white, more greyish on the sides of the body, and washed 

 with yellow on the chin and upper throat ; in dimensions smaller than the male, and 

 with a shorter bill. 



Young birds are similar to the female, but the males soon become brighter yellow on the 

 throat and sides of the head, and show yellowish feathers here and there above and 

 below. 



p 2 



