AVIFAUNA OF LATSAN, ETC. 



145 



Palmer writes as follows :— " On November 23rd a pair were observed building their 

 nest, but it was as yet only half built. It was at a great height, almost at the top of a tree, 

 in a fork, well concealed from below, and built of moss." Mr. Scott Wilson writes :— 

 " Although I did not find a nest of the Apapane, I shot a female on the 24th of May, 18S7, 

 at Kaawaloa in the district of Kona, in the ovary of which was an egg almost ready for 

 exclusion, a circumstance which enables me to fix approximately its breeding-time, which 

 seems to be later than that of the Iwi, for I had shot several of the latter before the above 

 date." 



A nest, an open flat cup-shaped structure, is figured by Wilson (part vii. 1899). 



The only very close ally of II. sanguinea is II. fraithi of Laysan, which differs in being 

 smaller, with a smaller bill, and in being generally of a much paler red. The fine series 

 collected by Professor Schauinsland, however, shows that freshly- moulted individuals have a 

 deeper red and are not easy to distinguish from II. sanguinea, but the latter does not fade to 

 such a pale red as II. fraithi. 



