AVIFAUNA OF LAYS AN ETC. 



1G9 



34. LOXOPS C0CC1NEA. 



THE SCARLET AKAKANE. 



Scarlet Finch, Lath. Gen. Syn. ii. p. 270 (1783) (Sandwich Islands, Lever. Museum). 



Fringilla coccinea, Gmel. Syst. Nat. i. p. 921 (1788) (ex Latham!); Lath. Ind. Orn. i. p. 444 (1790); 



DonndorfF, Orn. Beytr. ii. p. 541 (1795); Tiedemann, Anat. Naturg. Vog. ii. p. 433 (1814); Steph. in 



Shaw's Gen. Zool. ix. p. 454 (1815); Cuvier, Regne Anim. i. p. 387 (1817); Vieill. Nouv. Diet. xii. 



p. 167 (1817); id. Enc. Meth. p. 983 (1823); Gray, Griffith's Anim. Kingd., Aves, ii. p. 140 (1829) j 



Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 371 (1845). 

 Chardonneret ecarlate, Vieill. Ois. Chant, pi. 31 (1805). 

 Carduelis coccinea, Less. Compl. Buffon, viii. p. 281 (1837). 



Loxops coccinea (partim !), Gray, Cat. B. Trop. Isls. p. 28 (1859); id. Hand-]. B. i. p. 114 (1869); Sch 

 Ibis, 1871, p. 360, 1879, p. 92; Scott Wilson & Evans, Aves Hawaiienses, pt. i. (1890) (text and plate 

 of male) ; Gadow, in Aves Hawaiienses, pt. ii. p. 13 (structure) (see also /. c. p. 17). 



Hypoloxias coccinea, Bp. Consp. i. p. 518 (1850) ; Hartl. Arch. f. Naturg. 1852, p. 133; Dole, Proc. Bost. 

 Soc. N. H. 1869, p. 301 ; id. Hawaiian Alman. 1879, p. 49; Scl. Ibis, 1871, p. 359. 



Brepanis aurca, Dole, Hawaiian Alman. 1879, p. 45. 



Adult male. Upper and under parts bright orange-scarlet or scarlet-orange. Eeathers 

 dark grey at base, lighter just before the scarlet tips. Quills and rectrices brownish 

 black, at the tips a little paler, outer webs bordered with orange, inner webs with an 

 ashy border. Under wing-coverts whitish, scarlet-orange towards the tip. " Iris brown. 

 Maxilla pale grey, dark brown towards the tip, edges and base paler with a more or less 

 developed rosy tinge. Legs and feet black, soles flesh-colour." Total length given 

 as from nearly 5 to a little over 5 inches by Palmer, as measured in the flesh, but only 

 4 to 4| inches in the skins. Wing 2*45 to 2'G (averaging 2*5), tail T95 to 21 (not 

 1*65 as given by Scott Wilson), culmen 04 to 0*45, tarsus 0*8 to 9. 



Adult female. Above olive-green, greener towards the rump and upper tail-feathers and on 

 the wing-coverts ; forehead of a pale greyish yellow. Underparts buffy yellow, breast 

 and throat with an orange wash, sides of the body washed with clive. Wings and tail 

 dusky brown, quills edged with yellowish green on the outer webs and with pale ashy 

 cn the inner webs. Under Aving-coverts pale buff washed with yellow. " Iris dark 

 brown. Hill grey, darker towards the tip ; edges and base of mandible tinged with 

 yellow. Tarsi and toes blackish, soles pale flesh-colour." Wing 2*35 to 245 inches. 



One very old female has an almost yellow breast. 



