52 THE FERN BULLETIN 



Twining, of Scranton, Pa. It is a fair average of the 

 form and though without much beauty of outline is 

 still of interest •for the form in which nature has cast 

 it. 



NOTES ON VARIOUS FERNS. 



By S. Fred Prince. 



I was very much interested in Mr. Hill's article on 

 the cliff brakes in the January Bulletin. I lived at 

 Madison, Wisconsin, from 1874 to 1878, and have 

 gathered Pellaea atro purpurea many times from the 

 sandstone cliffs, not only on Lake Mendota, but also 

 Lake Monona and outcrops in other parts of the 

 "Four-lake County." 



I found it growing on both the Potsdam and the 

 Madison sandstones. On the former it was only in 

 small clumps, or isolated plants, much more sparse in 

 growth than when on the latter, though I never found 

 it anywhere in such dense, tangled masses as it forms 

 in the clefts of the limestone rocks of the southwest 

 Ozarks. 



I have also found Pellaea atro purpurea growing 

 thinly, on a dark red sandstone, at Paris Springs, Mis- 

 souri, not far from Springfield. 



I would like to add to the localities of Poly podium 

 vulgare in Michigan. I found it, in the summer of 

 1910, growing in dense mats on sand dunes, south of 

 Macatawa, [Michigan. The plants were in a wood- 

 land composed principally of hemlock, with oak and a 

 general mixture of elm, maple, hickory, etc. When 

 you lifted a mat of the fern, the bare sand was left ex- 

 posed. I thought the conditions rather peculiar. 



I found many ferns growing on these wooded sand 

 hills where, at the most, there was but half an inch of 

 soil on top of the white sand. The list includes: 



