ALLIUM SATIVUM. 



In the Shahjahanpur district the rent paid for singhara ponds is said to be as high 

 as that given for an equal area of good cultivated land. It is largely grown in the 

 Farukhabad district. 



Singhara flour is much used as food by the Hardwar pilgrims. Mixed with sugar 

 it is known by the name of phaluda at Saharanpur. In Kashmir singhara forms a 

 considerable portion of the food of the people. As a food it is regarded as cool and 

 sweet, and is supposed to cure bilious affections and diarrhoea. It is also used for 

 poultices. 



In Baden-Powell's " Punjab Products," p. 262, it is stated that green singhara sells 

 at 1 maund and 24 seers per rupee, and dry at 18 seers per rupee. The flour sells 

 at 8 and 10 seers per rupee. 



The name of the African lake Tanganyika means the habitat of the singhara nut 

 (N. Ind. Notes and Queries, 37). 



Explanation of I late XCVIII. 



1 . Vertical section of flower, 



2. „ „ of fruit. 



3. Entire fruit. 



\ 



ALLIUM SATIVUM, Linn.* 



IVide Plate LXVL] 



Garlic; lahsan, lasan (Hind.) ; som (Arab.) ; mahoushouda (Sans). 



Natural order Liliacece. A perennial herb. Its true stem, which is much reduced, gives off 

 roots from the base, and supports as cauline appendages tbe overlapping scales (old leaf bases) 

 which are thickened below and bear in their axils small bulbs or cloves. Tbese closely imbricating 

 scales, together witb the cloves and the reduced stem, form the bulb. The flowering stem, or scape, 

 emerges from the centre of the bulb, and bears a few flowers, tho majority being replaced by 

 diminutive bulbs. 



DeCandolle says, that the only country where the garlic plant has been found in 

 an undoubtedly wild state is the desert of Kirghis of Sungari. He is inclined to think, 

 however, considering the existence of so many Celtic, Slav, Greek and Latin names, 



* References ■ - Roxb , Fl. Ind. (Clarke's Ed.); Watt, Diet Kconom. Prod. I., 172 ; Stewart, Punj. PL, 231 ; Atkinson, 

 Ilitn. Dist., I , 707 ; Heut. and Trimcn, Med. PL 280 ; DC, L'Orig. PI. Cult., 60. 



