22 



CONIFERS. 



leaves crowded at the ends of the. thick branchlets, 8 to 12 in. long 

 and nearly a line wide; male flowers cylindric, 1 to If in. long; cones 

 shortly peduncled, long oval, pointed, 12 to 15 in. long; scales 1} to 

 H in. wide, terminating in a long spur-like umbo 2 in. long; seeds 

 oval, slightly ridged, black, 6 to 7 lines long; wing 10 to 15 line- 

 long; cotyledons 11 to 14. 



Mount Diablo Range, southward to the Santa Lucia and San 

 Bernardino Mountains. While the trees in Pine Canon, Mt. Diablo, 

 are clearly of this species, the trees in Mitchell Cafion grade very 

 closely to P. Sabiniana in the characters of cones and foliage. 



4. P. Sabiniana Dougl. Digger Pine. Gray-leaf Pine. 

 Trees usually 20 to 45 ft. high, freely branching and round topped, 

 with rough ash-gray bark, slender glaucous branchlets and sparse 

 grayish foliage; leaves 8 to 12 in. long and h line wide; male 

 flowers, oblong, about 10 lines long, in an elongated spike; crest of 

 anthers semi-orbicular; cones short-oval, 6 to 10 in. long, 4 to 5h in. 

 in diameter; apophyses stout, projecting, the points incurved, 1 in. 

 long; seed oblong, acutely margined below the middle; seed subcyl- 

 indric, about 10 lines long, dark; wing 4£ lines long; cotvledons 15 

 to 16. 



Hot dry hills of the Inner Coast Ranges north of San Francisco 

 Bay, ranging westward to Napa Valley and the hills near Healdsburg 

 and Skaggs Springs. South of the bay it is common in the Mt. 

 Diablo region, and is found far to the southward. It is, in addition, 

 the most characteristic tree of the low foothills of the Sierras. The 

 nuts were in former days an important article of food to the Indians, 

 whence the widely-diffused common name, "Digger Pine." 



5. P. radiata Don. Monterey Pine. Trees 25 to 40 or even 80 

 to 100 ft. high, with black, very hard bark, 2 to 3 in. thick; foliage 

 bright green, leaves 4 to 6 in. long; male flowers oblong, 6 lines long, 

 in a spike 1 to 1$ in. in length; anthers small, crested; cones in whorls 

 about the trunk and branches, shortly peduncled, strongly declined, 

 obliquely short or long-oval, 3 to 6$ in. long, 2 to 4 in. in diameter: 

 scales on the outside, towards the base of the cone, developed into 

 hemispherical tubercles or knobs, 3 to 6 lines high, becoming devoid 

 of the minute incurved prickles; seeds 3 to 4 lines long, the wing 7 

 to 9 lines long. — (P. insignis Dougl.) 



Very restricted in its distribution: Pescadero, southward to Mon- 

 tereyand Pacific Grove, where it is a common and striking object in 

 the landscape. 



6. P. attenuata Lemmon. Knob-cone Pink. Small trees 2 to 25 

 ft. or sometimes 40 ft. high, with thin, light brown bark; leaves 3 to 

 7 in. long, distantly serrulate; male flowers cylindrical, 7 to 9 lines 

 long, disposed in an elongated spike; cones clustered, 2£ to 5 in. long, 

 somewhat oblique, the scales equal all around or frequently developed 

 on the outside into very stout, strong, conical tubercles, all with 

 slender, sharp, but not persistent prickles; seeds nearly 3 lines long, 

 the wiDg 10 lines long, 1\ to 3 lines wide, the width sub-equal 

 throughout. — (P. tuberculata Gordon.) 



