278 



ROSACEA. 



(or broadly campanulate) limb; limb with broad short triangular 

 teeth, the whole limb deciduous. Petals none. Stamens numerous, 

 borne in 2 or 3 rows on the calyx. Pistil one, with a single long 

 style and terminal stigma; ovule solitary, ascending. Fruit a terete 

 villous achene enclosed in the elongated calyx-tube and surmounted 

 by the very much elongated twisted soft-hairy style. (Greek kerkis, 

 a shuttle, and karpos, a fruit, in reference to the achene and its 

 twisted tail.) 



1. C. betulaefolius Nutt. Mountain Mahogany. Shrub or 

 small tree, 6 to 14 ft. high, the stem with a gray thin flaky bark; 

 branches spreading or recurving; leaves subcoriaceous, broadly obo- 

 vate, serrate above the middle, cuneate and entire towards the base, 

 conspicuously feather-veined, dark green and shining above, pubes- 

 cent beneath; calyx-limb open campanulate, 3 lines broad, the tube 

 in fruit becoming J in. long, of a reddish brown color, somewhat 

 contracted above; stamens 25 to 60; achene coriaceous, the hairy style 

 3 in. long or less. 



Common in the Coast Ranges, mostly at middle or high elevations, 

 from the Yallo Bally Mountains southward. Flowering in Mar., but 

 more conspicuous in late summer on account of the long feathery 

 tails of the fruit. 



5. ROSA L. Rose. 

 Shrubby prickly plants with odd-pinnate leaves and adnate stipules. 

 Flowers large, ours mostly pink, solitary or corymbose. Calyx-tube 

 globose or urn-shaped, becoming fleshy in fruit; calyx-limb 5-parted. 

 Bractlets none. Petals 5 (rarely 6, 7 or 8), rounded, spreading, 

 inserted with the numerous stamens on the edge of the thin disk 

 which lines the calyx-tube and bears within and toward the base the 

 numerous distinct pistils. Ovaries hairy, becoming bony achenes. 

 Achenes enclosed in the globose or urn-shaped calyx-tube, which is 

 popularly termed a "hip." (The Latin name.) 



Flowers solitary, or 2 or 3 in a cluster; calyx-lobes [deciduous from the fruit. 



1. if. gymnocarpa. 

 Flowers few to many in a corymb; calyx-lobes persistent in fruit. 



Calyx-lobes soft-pubescent outside; plants 3 to 5 ft. high or more 



2. R. Calif or nica. 



Calyx-lobes glandular-hispid outside: var. Sonomensis of 3. R. spiihamiea. 



1. R. gymnocarpa Nutt. Wood Rose. Slender, 1 to 3 ft. high, 

 glabrous, the branchlets and rachis of the leaves armed with long- 

 slender straight prickles, or sometimes nearly unarmed; leaves 2 or 3 

 in. long; leaflets 3 or commonly 5, elliptic or roundish, 3 to 9 lines 

 long, doubly serrate, the minute teeth gland-tipped; flowers generally 

 solitary or in clusters of 2 or 3; corolla 7 to 10 lines broad; pedicels 

 glabrous or more frequently clothed with gland-tipped hairs; calyx- 

 lobes at length deciduous; hips ovate or pear-shaped, red, 4 to 7 

 lines long. 



Shady woods or among bushes on north slopes in the hills, or often 

 near streams. 



2. R. Californica C. & S. California Wild Rose. Erect, 



