I KJWORT FAMILY. 



395 



Corolla open-campanulate; stems creeping, bearing tufts of leaves 



and flower-scapes; diminutive annual 11. Limosella. 



Calyx of 5 almost distinct sepals; stems creeping; perennial 



12. Monniera. 



Stamens with anthers 2; sterile pair present or none; corolla little or not 

 at all bilabiate. 

 Calyx of 5 almost distinct sepals; corolla tubular. 

 Corolla-lips nearly equal ; sterile filaments short or none 



13. Qratiola. 



Lower lip of corolla larger than upper; sterile filaments forked .... 



14. ILYSANTHES. 



Calyx 4-parted; corolla 4-lobed. 

 Stamens 4, 2 sterile ; corolla broadly campanulate; leaves in a radical 



tuft 15. Synthyris. 



Stamens 2; corolla subrotate; leaves mainly cauline. 16. Veronica. 

 C. Leaves alternate; stamens 4 (2 in soma Adenostegias), all anther- 

 bearing. 



Corolla tubular, strongly bilabiate, upper lip narrow, concave or galeate 

 and enclosing the stamens and style. 

 Calyx tubular, laterally compressed, cleft before and behind, the lobes 

 entire or 2-cleft; upper lip of corolla long and narrow, very much 

 longer than the very small 3-toothed lower lip; bracts mainly with 



colored tips; ours perennials except one 17. Castilleia. 



Calyx tubular-campanulate, 4-cleft; upper lip (galea) of corolla similar to 

 no. 17, but not so greatly or not at all exceeding the inflated 3-saccate 



lower one; bracts sometimes with colored tips; ours annuals 



18. Orthocarpus. 



Calyx spathe-like, of 2 distinct leaf-like divisions (or the anterior division 

 wanting); corolla-lips of nearly equal length; bracts never colored, 

 annuals 19. Adenostegia. 



Calyx narrowly campanulate, 2 to 5-toothed, the orifice often oblique; 

 corolla with narrow tube, strongly bilabiate; upper lip (galea) long, 

 arched; lower lip of 3 small lobes; bracts purple or with foliaeeou* 

 (green) tips; perennials 20. Pedicularis. 



1. VERBASCUM L. Mullein. 

 Usually biennial herbs with tall virgate stems and alternate leaves. 

 Flowers ephemeral, in spikes or racemes. Calyx 5-parted. Corolla 

 rotate, with 5 nearly equal segments, ours commonly yellow. Sta- 

 mens 5, all with anthers; all or the three posterior ti laments woolly- 

 bearded. Stigma undivided or 2-lamellate. Capsule septicidally 

 2-valved, the valves cleft at apex and the septa parting from the 

 persistent axis, many-seeded. Seeds pitted or roughened. (Cor- 

 rupted from Barbascum, the old Latin name.) 



Plants very woolly; flowers sessile L V. Thapsua. 



Plants with green herbage; flowers pediceled 2. V. Blattaria. 



1. V. Thapsus L. Common Mullein. Stout, densely woolly. 

 3 to 6 ft. high; radical leaves 6 to 12 in. long, obovate-lanceolate or 

 -oblong; cauline leaves oblong, entire or crenate, crowded, the stem 

 winged by their very decurrent bases; flowers in a very long dense 

 simple spike; spike 1 ft. long or more, and \\ in. thick, sometimes 

 with one to several short spikes at base; lower filaments mostly naked. 



Stream beds of interior water courses, or waste places about old 

 dwellings: North Coast Ranges; very common in the Sierra Nevada. 

 Flowering in summer. 



2. V. Blattaria L. Moth Mullein. Slender, 2 to 4 ft. higfe; 



