468 



RUBIACEjE. 



Fruit fleshy or berry-like; leaves in whorls of 4. 



Herbaceous; corolla yellowish 6. G. Californicum. 



Suffrutescent ; corolla white 7. G. Nuttallii. 



Herbaceous; corolla purple 8. G. Bolanderi. 



Prostrate; corolla white 9. (?. Andrewsii. 



1. G. tricorne With. Corn Galium. Stems stout, rather 

 simple, 6 to 10 in. long, the angles callous, with stoutish recurved 

 prickles; leaves in whorls of 6 to 8, narrowly oblanceolate or linear, 

 callous-margined and thickly beset with recurved prickles, about (5 

 lines long; fruit on stout recurved pedicels, lines long, papillate- 

 rugose, 2 lines broad or more. 



Naturalized from Europe: reported only from Kenwood, Sonoma 

 Co. Fruiting in June. 



2. G. Parisiense L. Wall Galium. Much branched from 

 the base, the branches and particularly the branchlets very slender or 

 almost filiform, 10 to 16 in. high, very leafy below, less so above, 

 finely scabrous; leaves in whorls of 6, oblong-spatulate or linear- 

 oblong, acute, 3 to 5 lines long; cymes several-flowered, paniculate, 

 the peduncles and pedicels filiform; flowers whitish, very small, \ to 

 £ line broad; fruit small, glabrous, granulate. — (G. anglicum Huds.) 



Abundant in vineyards at Sonoma. Introduced from Europe. 

 July. 



3. G. Aparine L. Goo.se Grass. Diffuse or climbing over 

 herltaceous plants and forming rather thick coarse mats, the stems 1 

 to 2 or 3 ft. long, the whole herbage setulose or hispidulous-roughened; 

 leaves in whorls of 7 or 8, oblong-oblanceolate, obtuse, or the upper 

 acute, mucronate, tapering to a rather narrow base, £ to 1} or 2 in. 

 long; flowers white or whitish; fruit thickly beset with whitish 

 hooked bristles. 



Common in half shaded or grassy places among the hills. Apr. 

 Fr. in May. 



4. G. triflorum L. Sweet-scented Bedstraw. Decumbent or 

 reclining, with numerous mostly simple stems from the base, 7 to 12 

 in. long, retrorsely scabrous on the angles or smoothish; leaves mostly 

 in 6's, oblong-oblanceolate, rather abruptly bristle-pointed, the mid- 

 rib and the upper surface near the margin somewhat scabrous, 3 to 6 

 lines long; axillary peduncles once di- or tri-chotomous, 3 to 6 lines 

 Ion-; pedicels bractless, but the pedicels of the terminal peduncles 

 with mostly whorled bracts; corolla purplish or greenish; fruit 1 

 line or less broad, beset with slender hooked bristles; endosperm 

 lunate in cross-section. 



Edges of woods: Coast Ranges (San Mateo, Kellogg, and north- 

 ward); Sierra Nevada. 



5. G. trifidum L. Stems slender and weak, ascending, 5 to 18 in. 

 high, the angles comparatively smooth; leaves in whorls of 4 or 5, 

 thin, oblong, obtuse, not bristle-pointed, obscurely scabrous on the 

 margins, 1£ to 6 lines long; flowers minute; peduncles mostly scat- 

 tered; fruit smooth; endosperm annular in cross-section. 



Coast Eanges (but not common); Sierra Nevada. 



