SUNFLOWER FAMILY. 



525 



Stems taller, more leafy, and peduncles shorter. 



Paleae of the disk-flowers 4, equal . . .2. C. glabriuQCUla. 



Paleae of the disk-flowers unequal. 

 Pappus of 6 paleae much shorter than the corolla and of 2 minute outer 



ones 3. C. gracilenta. 



Pappus of 4 paleae as long as the corolla and of 2 very short ones 



4. C, heterocarpha. 



1. C. lanosa DC. Herbage whitish with floccose wool which is 

 later deciduous; stems leafy only at the branching base, bearing many 

 long peduncles which are naked and scape-like; leaves thickish, 

 simply pinnate with few narrowly linear and mostly short lobe- or 

 the upper entire; pappus-paleae 4, sometimes 5, equal or nearly equal, 

 narrowly oblong or oblong-lanceolate, acutish. 



Monterey Co.; reported from the Lower San Joaquin; not seen 

 within our limits. 



2. C. glabriuscula DC. Thinly floccose, at length glabrous, 5to 

 11 or 19 in. high; leaves pinnately parted into narrowly linear lobes 

 or the uppermost linear and merely toothed or entire; heads 5 to 7 

 lines high; bracts of the involucre thickish; marginal corollas ample, 

 much longer than those of the disk; pappus-paleae 4, oblong-lanceo- 

 late, those of the disk equal, of the marginal achenes with 1 long and 

 3 short ones; short palese of the ray relatively broader or even 

 elliptical. 



Antioch; Sierra Foothills; Coast Range foothills west of Red 

 Bluff. Apr. 



3. C. gracilenta Greene. Simple below, corymbosely branching 

 above, 7 or 8 in. high; leaves 1 or 2 in. long, with narrowly linear 

 rachis bearing oblong lobes (1 line long) or short teeth; heads 3 or 4 

 lines high; marginal corollas little ampliate; achenes black, sparingly 

 hispidulous with white hairs; pappus-paleae commonly 5, unequal, 

 oblong-oblanceolate, £ to £ as long as the achene, with 2 very small 

 roundish outer ones. 



Dry ridges east of Napa Valley. June. 



4. C. heterocarpha Gray. Three-fourths to \\ ft. high, with 

 corymbose peduncles or often simple and 1-headed; herbage hoary- 

 tomentose but soon glabrous. Leaves pinnately or bipinnately 

 parted, the lobes short, unequal, crowded; heads 6 lines high on long 

 peduncles; marginal corollas conspicuously enlarged, surpassing the 

 disk; pappus of disk-achenes of 4 elliptic-oblong paleae equaling the 

 corolla and of two or more roundish and shorter outer ones; palea 1 of 

 marginal flowers much shorter. 



Lake Co. (acc. to Gray); Upper Sacramento Valley and southward 

 in the Sierra Nevada. 



C. Douglasii H. & A. Corollas whitish or flesh-colored, the mar- 

 ginal not larger; paleae 8 to 14, narrowly oblong. — Sierra Nevada. 



C. Nevadensis Gray. Low tufted perennial, 2 to 4 in. high; 

 peduncles 1 in. or less long, 1-headed. — High Sierras. 



43. HELENIUM L. Sneezeweed. 

 Erect perennial herbs with resinous-dotted herbage. Leaves alter- 

 nate, sessile except the lower, and often decurrent on the stem. 



