SUNFLOWER FAMILY. 



557 



without spreading tips. Both ray- and disk-flowers numerous and 

 fertile. Kay-achenes triangular-compressed; pappus none or cadu- 

 cous. Disk-achenes compressed, silky-hirsute; pappus double, the 

 copious inner bristles long, capillary and scabrous, the outer of short 

 and stout bristles or scales. (Greek heteros, different, and theke, a 

 case or ovary, the achenes of disk and ray dissimilar.) 



1. H. grandiflora Nutt. Mostly simple below, 2 to 5 ft. high; 

 peduncles with gland-tipped hairs; leaves ovate, varying to elliptic 

 or oblong, serrate, the lower and radical long-petioled, the upper 

 sessile by a rather broad base; heads rather large (4 or 5 lines high); 

 rays about 30; pappus as long or longer than the achene, in age 

 lu ick-red; outer pappus of disk-flowers inconspicuous. 



Immigrant from Southern California: San Jose, etc. Aug. -Oct. 



80. CHRYSOPSIS Ell. 



Perennial herbs, sometimes suflrutescent, with entire leaves. 

 Heads medium-sized, solitary or paniculate. Kays present or none. 

 Involucre campanulate to hemispherical, its bracts narrow and regu- 

 larly imbricated. Flowers yellow. Style-appendages linear-filiform 

 to subulate. Achenes compressed or turgid. Pappus brownish or 

 ferruginous, of numerous capillar}- bristles, with or without a short 

 outer row of little scales. * (Greek chrusos, golden, and opsis, aspect, 

 from the color of the blossom.) 



Heads with rays; corolla glabrous; outer pappus linear-squamellate : vars. 



of 1. C. villosa. 



Heads rayless; corolla sparingly hirsute; outer pappus none . 2. C. Oregana. 



1. C. villosa Nutt. var. Bolanderi Gray. Stems low, 3 to 12 

 in. high, rather stout, several from the woody base; herbage villous- 

 pubeseent and often scabrous, greenish or sometimes silky; leaves 

 oblong-spatulate, mucronate, narrowed below to a distinct petiole or 

 the upper sessile and less spatulate, or widest at the middle and 

 tapering to both ends, mostly 1 in. long; heads 5 to 7 lines high, 

 leafy-bracted, solitary or few in a corymbose cluster; involucre cam- 

 panulate or cylindric-campanulate, its bracts lanceolate or subulate, 

 villous-pubescent, in few ranks; rays 4 to 6 lines long; pappus- 

 bristles minutely scabrous, in a single row; outer pappus of little 

 scales; achene silky, f line long. 



Dry hillsides or rocky hilltops near the coast: San Bruno Hills; 

 San Francisco; hills above Wild Cat Creek and northward to the 

 ocean bluffs of Mendocino Co., w 7 here it occurs in tvpical form. 

 Sept. 



Var. echioides Gray (C. echioides Benth.). Stems rigid, erect, 10 

 to 16 in. or even 2\ ft. nigh, usually suflrutescent at base; herbage 

 dense, hirsute-canescent; leaves rigidulous, J in. long, the lowermost 

 longer; involucral bracts hispid-pubescent, the foliose bracts often 

 hispid-ciliolate; pappus-bristles in a single row; outer pappus consist- 

 ing of very short little scales, not concealed by the pubescence of the 

 achene. — Dry ground: Weldon Canon (Vaca Mountains), Jrpson, 



