A R 



A R 



your Spade loofen and break the 

 Earth about them, railing a fmall 

 Hill about each Stock, levelling the 

 reft between the Rows, which will 

 greatly help them ; and in three 

 Weeks, or a Month's time after, they 

 are commonly fit to flip. 



Thofe Artichokes,which are plant- 

 ed in a moift rich Soil, will always 

 produce the largeft and beft Fruit ; 

 fo that where fuch a Soil can be ob- 

 tain^, it will be proper to make a 

 frefh Plantation every Spring, to fuc- 

 ceed the old Stocks, and fupply the 

 Table in Autumn. But the Roots 

 will not live through the Winter in 

 a moift Soil, fo that your Stocks 

 which you intend fhould remain, to 

 fupply the Table early, and to fur- 

 rum Plants, mould be in a drier Situ- 

 ation. You mould always obferve to 

 plant thefe in an open Situation, and 

 not under the Drip of Trees, where 

 they will draw up very tall, and pro- 

 duce fmall infignificant Fruit. 



The third Sort is only preferved 

 in Botanic Gardens for Variety : and 

 the fourth Sort is particularly treat- 

 ed under the Article Cinara. 



ARTICHOKES of Jerufalem. 

 Vide Helianthus. 



ARUM, Wake-robin, or Cuckow- 

 pint. 



The Characters are ; 



The Leaves, ivhich are intire, are 

 long and triangular, and car'd or 

 darted at the Bafe : the Flower con- 

 fijis of one Leaf, is of an anomalous 

 Figure, or foafd like an Ajs^s Ear : 

 from the Bottom of the Flower rifes 

 the Point al, accompanied <voith a great 

 many Embryo^s, each of which be- 

 comes a roundijh Berry, containing one 

 or two roundijh Seeds. 



This Plant is called Wake-robin, 

 from the (harp acrid Tafte, which, 

 if eaten,* will occafton a violent Pain 

 in every Part of the Mouth and 

 Throat, attended commonly with a 

 great Dcfluxion of Water. 



The Species are ; 



1. Arum vulgare non maculatum'. 

 C. B. P. Common Arum or Wake- 

 robin. 



2. Arum maculatum, maculis can- 

 didis. C. B. P. Arum whofe Leaves 

 are mark'd with White. 



3. Arum maculatum, maculis ni~ 

 gris. C. B. P. Arum with black- 

 fpotted Leaves. 



4. Arum vents albis, Italicum 

 maximum. C. B. P. Greateft Ita- 

 lian Arum, whofe Leaves have white 

 Veins. 



5. Arum Africanum, fore a/bo 

 odorato. Par. Bat. The African 

 Arum, with white fweet-fmelling 

 Flowers. 



6. Arum efculentum, fagittaria 

 foliis <viridi-nigricantibus . Sloan. Cat. 

 Jam. The American eatable Arum, 

 with Leaves like Spearwort. 



7. Arum maximum JEgyptiacum, 

 quodwulgoColocafia. C.B. TheEgyp- 

 tian Arum, vulgarly called Colocajia. 



8. Ar-um maximum jEgyptiacum, 

 quod vulgo Colocajia, cauliculis nign- 

 cantibus, Zeylanica. H. L. Greateft 

 Egyptian Arum or Colocajia, with 

 blackifh Stalks. 



The firft Sort is very common un- 

 der Hedges, and by the Sides of 

 Banks, in moft Parts of England. 

 This is directed by the College of 

 Phyficians for medicinal Ufe ; but 

 the fecond and third Sorts, which 

 are Varieties of the firft, and are 

 often found interfperfed with it, I 

 believe, may be either of them ufed 

 indifferently. Thefe Plants are fel- 

 dom kept in Gardens, being fo com- 

 mon in the Fields, where they are 

 ufually gathered for the Markets. 

 The beft Seafon for taking up thefe 

 Roots for Ufe, is in July or Auguft % 

 after their Leaves are decayed ; for 

 when they are taken up while their 

 Leaves are green, the Roots ihrink, 

 and lofe moft of their Virtue. 



The 



