E S 



lowing their Seeds foon after they 

 are ripe, which will come up in a 

 lhort time, and will ftand abroad, 

 and endure the Winter's Cold very 

 well ; and early in the Spring they 

 will moot up to Flower, and pro- 

 duce ripe Seeds in June or Juiy\ but 

 if they are fown in the Spring, the 

 Seeds feldom come up fo well; nor 

 do the Plants airive at half the 

 Strength of thefe fown in Autumn ; 

 for, when the Heat comes on, they 

 foon run up to Mower, and thereby 

 produce not half the Quantity of 

 Seeds. 



The firft and fifth Sorts are ufed 

 in iViedicine, but particularly the 

 fifth, the Seeds of which are by ma- 

 ny People faid to be an extraoidim.ry 

 Medicine for the Stone and Gravel. 



ESPALIERS, 



Are either Rows of Trees planted 

 about a whole Garden or Plantarion, 

 or in Hedges, fo as to indole Quar- 

 ters, or leparate Parts, of a Garden, 

 which are trained up fiat in a clofe 

 Hedge, for the Defence of tender 

 Plants againft the Violence and In- 

 jury of Wind and Weather. See 

 Hedges. 



The molf. commonly receiv'd No- 

 tion of Efpaiiers are Hedges of 

 Fruit-trees, which are tra.n'd up re- 

 gularly to a Lattice of Wood- work ; 

 formed either of Alh-poies, or fquare 

 long Timbers cut out of Fir, (Sc. 

 and it is of this Sort of Efpaiier that 

 I ihall treat in this Place. 



Efpaiiers of Fruit-trees are com- 

 mon iy planted to fur round the Quar- 

 ters of a Kitchen-garden ; for which 

 Purpole tney are of admirable Ufe 

 and Beauty : for by laying out the 

 Walks of this Garden regularly, 

 which are bounded on each Side by 

 thefe Hedges, when they are hand- 

 fomelv managed, they have a won- 

 derful Effect in flickering the Kitchen- 

 p:ants m the Quarters, and alfo 



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fcrecning them from the Sight of 

 Perfons in the Walks ; fo that a 

 Kitchen-garden, well laid out in this 

 manner, and regularly managed, 

 will be equal to trie fineft Parterre 

 for Beauty. 



The Trees chiefly planted for 

 Efpaiiers are Apple;-, Pears, and fome 

 Plums ; but the two former are moft- 

 ly ufed : fome plant Efpaiiers of 

 Apples grafted upon Paradjfe-ftocks ; 

 but, thefe being of a fhort Duration, 

 are not fo proper for this Purpofe ; 

 thereiore I fhould rather advife the 

 having them upon Crab-flocks, or 

 (if in fmaller Gardens, where the 

 Trees cannot be ai lowed to grow fo 

 high) upon what the Gardeners call 

 the Dutch Stock ; which will caufe 

 them to bear fooner, and prevent 

 their growing too luxuriant. 



In choofmg the Tree? for an Efpa- 

 iier, endeavour, as near as poinble, 

 to plant the feveral Sorts w hich are 

 nearly or the fame Growth in one 

 Line, tfcat the Efpaiier may be the 

 more regular, and of an equal 

 Height, which greatly adds to their 

 Beauty ; for if you plant Trees which 

 fhoot vtry unequally in the fame 

 Line, it will be impolhble to make 

 the Efpaiier regular : befides, the 

 Dillance the Trees are to be planted 

 muft be directed hereby ; for fome 

 Tree?, <viz. thofeof a larger Growth, 

 mould be planted twenty-five or 

 thirty Feet afunder ; whereas thofe 

 of fmaller Growth need not be above 

 fixte^n or eighteen Feet Diliance 

 from each other 



The Width of the Walks between 

 thefe Efpaiiers fhould (in a large. 

 Garden) be fourteen or fixteen Feet 

 at leall ; and if they are defigned to 

 be carried up pretty high, the Di- 

 fhnce mould be greater, that each 

 Side may receive the Advantage of 

 the Sun and Air; which is abfolutely 

 neceffary, if you would have the 



Fruit 



