E S 



be {harpcned at the largeft End , that 

 they may, with moreEafe, be driven 

 into the Ground ; thefe mould be 

 placed at a Foot Diftance from each 

 other in a direct Line, and of an 

 equal Height, about fix Feet above- 

 ground ; then you mould nail a Row 

 of (trait (lender Poles along upon the 

 Tops of the upright Stakes, which 

 will keep them exactly even, and 

 continue to crofs the Stakes with the 

 fmaller Poles, and the Tops which 

 woe tut off from the larger ones, at 

 about nine Inches Diltance, Row 

 from Row, from the Top to the 

 Bottom of the Stakes. Thefe Rows 

 of Poles (ho j Id be fattened with Wire, 

 and the iargett End of the Polts 

 mould be nailed to tne upright Stakes, 

 which will ft-curethe EfpaJier alrr.oit 

 as long as the Poles will endure; 

 whereas, if your Faiten ug is not 

 ftrong, the Poles will be continually 

 diiplaced with every ftror.g Wind. 



When tne Efpalier is thus framed, 

 you mull fallen the Branches of the 

 Trees thereto, either with fmall 

 Ofier-twigs, or fome fuch Binding, 

 obferving to frain them in an hori- 

 zontal Pofition, and at equal Di- 

 flances ; being careful not to crofs 

 any of the Branches, nor to lay 

 them in too thick : the Diftance I 

 would allow for the Branches of 

 Pear and x^ppJes, mould be propor- 

 tioned according to the Size of their 

 Fruit; fuchofrhem whole Fruit is 

 large, as the Summer Boncretien, 

 Monfieur John y and Bturre du R y 

 Pears, and the Rennet Grife, Holland 

 Pippin, French Pippin, and other 

 large Apples, mould have their 

 Branches fix or eight Inches Diftance 

 at lean: ; and to thofe of lelTer 

 Growth, four or five Inches will be 

 fufRcient. But for farther Direc- 

 tions 1 (hail refer to the Art cleg of 

 the feveiiu F-rtUtfi as alfo that of 



E V 



Pruning, where the Particulars will 



be fufficiently explained. 



But, befides this Sort of Efpalier 

 made with Am-poles, there i* an- 

 other Sort that is by many People 

 preferred ; which is framed with 

 fquare Timbers cut to any Size, ac- 

 cording to the Strength thereof, or 

 the Expence the Owner is willing to 

 go to: thele, tho 1 they appear more 

 lightly, when well fixed and painted, 

 are not of longer Duration than one 

 of the former, provided it is well 

 made, and the Poles are llrong which 

 are fet upright ; nor will they an- 

 fwer the Furpofe better, tho' they 

 are vallly more expenfive; for the 

 greateit Beauty conhfts in the dif- 

 poiing the tranches of the Tree, 

 which, efpecially in Summer, when 

 the Leaves are on, will intirely hide 

 from the Sight the Frame of the 

 Efpalier : therefore all Expence in 

 erecting thefe is needlefs, farther 

 than making Provifion to fecure the 

 Erancnes ot the Trees in a regular 

 Order. 



Fruit-trees thus planted, and well 

 managed, are much preferable to 

 thofe trained up in any other Figure, 

 upon feveral Accounts : as firft, 

 thefe take up very little room in a 

 Garden, fo as to be hurtful to the 

 Plants which grow in the Quarters ; 

 and, feconc y, the Fruit upon thefe 

 are better tailed than thofe which 

 grow upon Dwarfs, the Sun and 

 Air having freer Accels to every Part 

 of the Tree ; whereby the Dampnefg 

 arifirg from the Ground is fooner 

 difiipated; which is of fingular Ad- 

 vantage to Fruit-trees (as hath al- 

 ready been A;?\vn '■. 



EVER-GREEN THORN. Vide 

 Pyr.icantha. 



E ERLASTING PEA. Vide 

 Lathyrus. 



EU 



