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is ftrong or loamy, then the new 

 Earth mould be light and fandy, 

 ■which wilt loofen the Parts of the 

 natural Soil, and greatly mend it. 



There are fome Perfons who re- 

 commend the laying the whole Depth 

 of the Borders with what they call 

 Virgin - earth ; that is, fuch as is 

 taken from a Pafture where the 

 Land has not been plowed. But if 

 this is not brought into the Garden 

 at leaft one Year before the Trees are 

 planted, that by turning it over of- 

 ten it may be fvveeten'd, it will not 

 be fo good as that which is taken 

 from a Kitchen-gardrn, or an arable 

 Field, where the Land is good, and 

 has been well wrought ; for by often 

 turning and breaking of the Soil, it 

 will be the better prepar'd to receive 

 the Trees. 



Others recommend the mixing a 

 great Quantity ot rotten Dung with 

 the Earth of the Borders; but this is 

 iiot fo proper ; for by maki g of the 

 Ground too rich, it will only encou- 

 rage the luxuriant Growth of the 

 Trees: therefore it is always better 

 to mend the Borders from time to 

 time, as they may require, and not 

 to add fo much Dung in the firit 

 making them. 



Another Care is required, in the 

 making of the Borders on wet 

 Ground ; which is to contrive fome 

 cover'd Drains to convey off the Wa- 

 ter in Winter ; otherwife, by this 

 being detain'd about the Roots of 

 the Trees, it will greatly prejudice 

 them ; and in the building of the 

 Walls round a Kitchen - garden, 

 where the Ground is inclinable to be 

 wet, there mould be fome Arches 

 turn'd in the Foundations of thofe 

 Walls which are in the loweft Part 

 of the Garden, to let off the Wet. 



The manner of preparing thefe 

 Tree; for Planting is the fame as 

 hath befeti directed for other Frui:- 



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trees ; *viz. To cut off all the fm?U 

 Fibres from the Roots, and to morten 

 fome of the longeft Roots, and cut of? 

 all the bruifed ones, or fuch as ihoot 

 downright: this being done, you 

 mould plant them in the Places in- 

 tended, it the before-mention'd Di- 

 ftance. The belt time to plant thefe 

 Trees (if upon a middling or dry 

 Soil) is in Oflober, leaving their 

 Heads on tdl Spring; which fhoul4 

 be falten'd to the Walls or Stakes, 

 to pn vent the Wind from difturbing 

 their Roots ; and in the Beginning 

 of March their Heads mould be cut 

 off, in the manner already directed 

 for Peaches, and other Fruit-trees ; 

 obferving alfo to Jay fome Mulch 

 upon the Surface of the Ground 

 about their Roots when they are 

 planted ; as hath been feveral times 

 already directed for other Trees. 



The hrft Summer after planting, 

 the Branches mould be trained to the 

 Wall or Efpalier (againft which they 

 are planted) in an horizontal Por- 

 tion, as they are produced, without 

 fhorteningof" them ; and the Michael- 

 mas following fome of thefe Shoots 

 mould be fhorten'd down to five or 

 ft:; Eyes, m order to obtain a fufR- 

 cient Quantity of Branches, to fur-- 

 niflj the lower Part of the Wall or 

 Efpalier. But when this is done, 

 the Shoots ought not to be fhorien'd, 

 unlefs where there is a want of 

 Branches to fill a Vacancy; therefore 

 the lefs the Knife is ufed to thefe 

 Trees, the better they will fucceed : 

 for wnenever the Shoots are ftopp'd, 

 it occafions the -Buds immediately 

 below the Cut to fend forth two or 

 more Shoots, whereby there will be. 

 a Confufion of Branches ; and rarely 

 any Fruit is produced with this Ma- 

 nagement. 



The Diftance which the Branches 

 of Pears mould be trained, mutt be 

 prop«cion'd to the Size of theirFrait. 



Such 



