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Vorizontal Rcots are deftroyed from 

 time to time, as they are produc'd, 

 it wdl cauie the large downright 

 Roots to be much bigger ; in which 

 the Goodnefs of this Commodity 

 chiefly confifts : for if the upper 

 Roots are f.iffered to remain, tney 

 will draw off the principal Nourifn- 

 ment from the downright Roots, as 

 I have experienced ; for I planted a 

 few Roots upon the fame Soil and 

 Situation, which were of equal 

 Strength, and rooted equally well : 

 half of thefe I hoed round, and cut 

 off the horizontal Roots ; fegkl the 

 other Half I permitted the horizon- 

 tal Roots to remain on ; and when I 

 took them ail up, thofe which I had 

 hoed about, and kept clear from ho- 

 rizontal Roots, were almoft as large 

 again as the other, and theRoots were 

 double the Weight; which plainly 

 proves it neceffary to cut oft thofe 

 itiperficial Roots : fo that where 

 this Plant is cultivated in Quantity, 

 jt will be an excellent Method to ule 

 the Hoeing - plough, to ftir the 

 Ground, and deftroy the Weeds : 

 for, with this Inftrument, a large 

 Quantity of Ground may be kept 

 clean, at a fmall Expence : and as 

 this will ftir the Ground much 

 deeper than a common Hoe, it will 

 cut off the fuperficial Roots, and 

 thereby improve the principalRoots. 



This Crop of Madder fhould be 

 fliifted into frtfti Land j for the 

 Ground which has had one Crop, 

 will not be fit to receive another in 

 lefs than four Years; during which 

 time any other annual Crop may be 

 cultivated on the Laud. 



The manner of drying and pre- 

 paring thefe Roots for Ufe, I am not 

 acquainted with, having never had 

 an Opportunity of feeing that Part, 

 fo can give no Inftruclions concern- 

 ing it; but "Whoever {hall have Cu- 

 liofKV enough to cultivate thi? ufeful 



Plant, might eafily inform them- 

 felves, by going over to Holland at 

 theSeafon of taking up the Roots. 



What I could learn from the Peo- 

 ple with whom 1 converted in lid- 

 land on this Affair, was, that they 

 pared off the outfide Rind of the 

 Roots, which is dried by itfelf, and 

 is called Mull-madder. Then they 

 pared off another flefhy Part of the 

 Root, which is made into another 

 Madder, and is called Number O ; 

 but the Jnfide, or Heart of the Root, 

 is called Crop- madder. The firft 

 Sort is not worth above fifteen or 

 iixteen Shillings per hundredWeight; 

 the fecond Sort is fold at about forty 

 Shillings ; but the third Sort will 

 fell for five Pounds per Hundred. I 

 have fince been inform'd, that there 

 is no Neceftity of dividing it into 

 thefe three Sorts for Ufe ; for if the 

 Whole is dried, and ground toge^ 

 ther, it will anfwer the Dyers Pur- 

 pofe full as well. Theie Roots muff 

 be dried on a Kiln, before they are 

 ground to Powder : for which Pur- 

 pofe, I fuppofe, the fame as are ufed 

 for drying of Malt might be made 

 ufeful for this Commodity. 



By feme few Experiments which 

 I made, I imagine that one Acre of 

 good Madder, when fit to take up 

 for Ufe, will be worth above one 

 hundred Pounds ; fo that if it were 

 to ftand three Years in the Ground, 

 and to be planted on Land of three 

 Pounds pir Acre, it would pay ex- 

 ceeding well ; confidering the annual 

 Culture (if perform'd by a Piough) 

 will be no great Expence ; the prin- 

 cipal Charge being in the firft pre- 

 paring of the Land, and the plant- 

 ing: but whoever has a mind to 

 cultivate this Plant, might rent 

 very good Land for this Purpofe, 

 for twenty five or thirty Shillings 

 per Acre, at a Difta rice from London t 

 but near feme Navigation* 



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