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handfome Appearance: whereas when 

 they are fuffered to grow rude in Sum- 

 mer, there will be much greater Dif- 

 ficulty to bring down their Shoots, 

 efpeciallyif they aregrown ftubborn. 

 All the Sorts of Apples produce their 

 Fruit upon Curfons or Spurs, fo that 

 thefe mould never be cut off ; for 

 they will continue fruitful a great 

 Number of Years. 



The Method of making the Efpa- 

 liers having been already exhibit- 

 ed under that Article, I need not re- 

 peat it here ; but only obferve, that 

 at will be beft to defer making the 

 Efpalier, till the Trees have had 

 three or four Years Growth; for be- 

 fore that time the Branches may be 

 fupported by a few upright Stakes ; 

 fo that there will be no Neceflity to 

 make the Efpalier, until there are 

 fufheient Branches to furnifh the 

 Lower-part. 



I mail now treat of the Method to 

 plant Orchards, fo as to have them 

 produce the greateft Profit. And, 

 firft, in the Choice of the Soil and 

 Situation for an Orchard : the belt 

 Situation for an Orchard is, on the 

 Afcent of gentle Hills, facing the 

 South, or Scuth-eafl: ; but this Af- 

 cent muft not be too deep, leit the 

 Earth mould be warned down by 

 tally Rains. 



There are many Perfons who pre- 

 fer low Situations at the Foot of 

 Hills; but I am thoroughly convinced 

 from Experience, that all Bottoms 

 where there are Hills on every Side, 

 are very improper for thii Purpofe ; 

 for the Air is drawn down in ltrong 

 Currents, which, being pent in on 

 every Side, renders thefe Bottoms 

 much colder, than the open Situa- 

 tions : and during the Winter aad 

 Spring, thefe Bottoms are very damp 

 and unhealthy to all Vegetables: 

 $$«>f«r£ tke $eat'le Rife of aa Hill, 



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fully expofed to the Sun and Air, is 

 by much the beft Situation. As to 

 the Soil, a gentle hazel Loam, which 

 is eafy to work, and that doth not 

 detain the Wet, is the belt : if this 

 happens to be three Feet deep, it 

 will be the better for the Growth of 

 the Trees ; for akho' thefe Tree* 

 will grow upon very ftrong Land, 

 yet they are feldom fo thriving, nor 

 are their Fruit fo well flavoured, at 

 thofe which grow on a gentle Soil; 

 and on the other hand, thefe Trees 

 will not do well upon a very drf 

 Gravel or S2nd ; therefore thof« 

 Soils mould never be made choice of 

 for Orchards. 



The Ground intended to be plant* 

 ed mould be well prepared the Yeas 

 before, by plowing it thoroughly* 

 and if fome Dung is laid upon it th$ 

 Year before, it will be of great Ser- 

 vice to the Trees : if the precedent 

 Spring a Crop of Peas or Beans be 

 planted on the Ground (provided 

 they are fown or planted in Rcw% 

 at a proper Diftance, fo that tht 

 Ground between them is horfe- 

 hoed), it will deftroy the Weed?) 

 and loofen the Ground ; fo that it 

 will be a good Preparation for the 

 Trees j for the Earth cannot be too 

 much wrought or pulverized for this 

 Purpofe : thefe Crops will be taken 

 off the Ground before the Seafon for 

 planting of thefe Trees; which mould 

 be as Icon as pofTibie performed when 

 the Trees bec,i:i to ftied rheir Leaves. 



In chcofin£ cf the Tree?, I would 

 advife the taking iuch as are but of 

 two Years Growth, from the Graft, 

 and n'iver to plan: old Trees, or 

 fuch as are grafted upon old Stocks; 

 for it is lolifig of time to plant thefe, 

 young Trees being always more cer- 

 tain to grow, and make a much 

 greater Progrefs, than thofe which 

 ve ©id : as to pruning of the Roots, 



