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lion fuch great Wounds, as not to 

 be healed over in feveral Years, if 

 they ever recover it. 



If the Winter fhould prove very 

 fevere, it will be proper to cover 

 the Surface of the Ground about 

 their Roots with fome Mulch, to 

 prevent the Froft from penetrating 

 the Ground, which will injure the 

 young Fibres : but this Mulch 

 lhould not be laid on too foon, as 

 hath been before-mentioned, left the 

 Moifture mould be prevented from 

 foaking down to the Roots of the 

 Trees ; nor mould it lie on too long 

 in the Spring, for the fame Reafon : 

 therefore where Perfons will be at 

 the Trouble to lay it on in frofty 

 Weather, and remove it again after 

 the Froft is over, that the Wet in 

 February may have free Accefs to the 

 Roots of the Trees ; and if March 

 fhould prove dry, with (harp North 

 or Eaft Winds, which often happens; 

 it will be proper to cover the Ground 

 again with the Mulch, to prevent the 

 Winds from penetrating and drying 

 the Ground; and will be of fingular 

 Service to the Trees. But I am 

 aware, that this will be objected to 

 by many, on account of the Trouble, 

 which may appear to be great : but 

 when it is confidered, how much of 

 this Bufinefs may be done by a fingle 

 Perfon in a ftiort time, it can have 

 little Force ; and the Benefit which 

 the Trees will receive by this Ma- 

 nagement, will greatly recompenfe 

 the Trouble and Expence. 



As thefe Trees muft be conftantly 

 fenced from Cattle, it will be the belt 

 way to keep the Land in Tillage ; 

 for by conftant plowing or digging 

 of the Ground, the Roots of the 

 Frees will be encouraged, and they 

 ivill make the'more Piogrefs in their 

 Growth: but where this is done, 

 whatever Crops are fown or planted, 



mould not be too near the Trees* 

 left the Nouriihment mould be drawn 

 away from the Trees : and as in the 

 plowing of the Ground there muft 

 be Care taken not to go too near the 

 Stems of the Trees, whereby their 

 Roots would be injured, or the Bark 

 of their Stems rubbed off ; fo it will 

 be of great Service to dig the Ground 

 about the Trees, where the Plough 

 doth not come, every Autumn, for 

 five or fix Years after planting ; by 

 which time their Roots will have ex- 

 tended themfelves to a greater Di- 

 ftance. 



It is a common Practice in many 

 Parts of England, to lay the Ground 

 down for Pafture, after the Trees 

 are grown pretty large in their Or*, 

 chards: but this is by no means ad- 

 vifeable ; for I have frequently feert 

 Trees of above twenty Years Growth, 

 almoft deftroyed by Horfes, in the 

 Compafs of one Week: and if Sheep 

 are put into Orchards, they wi;l 

 conftantly rub their Bodies againft 

 the Stems of the Trees, and their 

 Grcaie flicking to the Bark will 

 ftint the Growth of the Trees, and 

 in time will fpoil them ; therefore 

 vvhere-ever Orchards are planted, it 

 will be much the better Method to 

 keep the Ground plowed or dug an- 

 nually ; and fuch Crops put on the 

 Ground, as will not draw too much 

 Nouriftiment from the Trees. 



In pruning of Orchard-trees, no- 

 thing more lhould be done, but to 

 cut out all thofe Branches which 

 crois each other, and, if left, would 

 rub and tear off the Bark, as alfo de- 

 cayed Branches ; but never fhorten: 

 any of their Shoots. If Suckers or 

 Shoots from their Stems ihould come 

 out, they muft be incirely taken off: 

 and when any Branches are broken 

 by the Wind, they mould be cut 

 off, either down to the Brvinon- of 

 H h h th< 



