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There is no doubt that great importance mast be attiched to nitural 

 -enemies, but in cases where scile insects increase t) any great extent, 

 it is necessary to resort to artificial means to keep them uni3r control. 



Artificial Remedies. 



The most readily applied artificial remedies for scale insects, aid 

 those that are best calculated to check their increase, are th3 various- 

 poisonous washes that areappliei t) plauts and trees by m.3ans of som.3 

 sprayiug apparatus. Oth 3r remedies consist of fumigitin* th.3 tree3 

 with carbon bi-sulphide, hydrocyanic acid, &c , bat these litter rene- 

 dies are not so easily applied, and therefore ara less alapt3l for us3 in 

 the West Indies * 



The remedi s then that will be found most usaful are the different 

 kind of washes, the application of which mast be thorough, so that by 

 a uniform spray every insect comes in contact with the wash, which 

 In some cases suffocates the insects by forming, when dry, a coating or 

 c ise over them, and in other instances net only suffocates, but poisons, 

 by coming in contact with their bodies. 



In applying these washes to trees it may be foual best to do so after 

 the fruiting has taken place, and before the trees take on youag foli- 

 age in the spring; but this principle might be op3n to modification, 

 depending on the condition and the species of scal3 insect. 



The following are six different recipes of washes, issued by the Im- 

 perial Department of Agriculture for the West Indies, which will be 

 found to be very effective for use on scale insects, and are readily ob- 

 tained, and easy of preparation. 



(1) Kerosine Emulsim (hard soap.) 



Dissolve \\b. hard soap in one gallon of boiling water. Add two 

 gallons of kerosine to the hot liquid and immediately churn, with a 

 syringe or force pump, till the mixture bacomes creamy. This is the 

 stock solution. Make up to 33 gallons. Use only rain water, or soft 

 water (that is, without lime) 



(2) Kerosine Emulsion (soft soap). 



Dissolve one quart soft soap in two quarts hot water ; add one pint 

 of kerosine to the hot mixture and immediately churn, with a syringe 

 or force pump, till the whole is creamy. Add an equal amount of 

 water, and it is ready for use. Any water may be used. 



(3) Rosin Wash. 



Mix 201bs. rosin, 3 J-lb of 93 per cent, caustic soda, and three pints 

 of fish oil. The rosin and the caustic soda must be pounded before 

 mixing. Cover this with ab^ut 2 inches of water and boil. When 

 the liquid is clear, s'.owly add water, still boiling the mixture, till the 

 whole is made up to 15 gallons. This is the stock solution and can be 

 made up to 100 gallons when cold, using only rain water or soft water. 



(4) Rosin compound. 



Mix 41bs powdered rosin, 31b3. powdered washing soda, and one 

 gallon of water. Boil, and when all is dissolved, slowly make up to 

 five gallons. Boil the mixture till it becomes of a clear brown olour. 

 IThis is the stock solution. Make this up to 30 gallons. 



(5) Whale Oil Soap. 



Dissdve lib of soft soap in one or two gallons of warm water. 



(6) Rosin and Whale Oil Sozp Compound. 



Mix 1 gallon of water with 31bs. of powdered washing soda an 



