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each is carried on with more spirit and attention, and therefore with 

 greater and more lasting results. The youth on leaving school will not 

 consider it a degradation to engage in manual labour, if he has been 

 accustomed to take a pride in it just as much as in learning to read and 

 write. This is the method followed at present in the Hope Industrial 

 School. All the boys attend school for two hours daily and also a de- 

 monstration by Mr. Cradwick in the Grardens for more than half-an- 

 hour, learning pruning, budding, methods of cultivation and curing of 

 various products, reasons for the various operations of tillage, manuring, 

 etc., etc. The boys show an aptitude and liking for the instruction im- 

 parted in this way which is very encouraging. It is not easy to find a 

 plan for maintaining these same boys as apprentices at the Grardens 

 after the age of 16, when their time is up. But it is of very great im- 

 portance that some arrangements should be made. Children who have 

 been looked after as carefully as is necessary in an Industrial School 

 are at a great disadvantage when they are suddenly thrown on their 

 own resources at an age when they are just becoming adults. If they 

 could be apprenticed so that more freedom could be given them, but 

 strict supervision still maintained, it would greatly aid in the formation 

 of habits of self-control, and in a development of character. 



Herbarium. 



This is a collection of plants, carefully dried, mounted on paper, 

 named and arranged in regular order in cabinets. It is an essential 

 element in every Agricultural Department, and it was recognised as 

 such in the early days of the Botanical Department in Jamaica, for one 

 of the chief duties assigned to the Island Botanist was " to collect, class 

 and describe the native plants of the Island." 



If a plant is known to have an economic value, it is necessary to 

 describe, class, name it, and keep dried specimens for ready reference. 



A collection of those plants only that are known to possess useful 

 properties is not by any means sufficient. These species may be so 

 similar in appearance to closely allied, but worthless, species, that it re- 

 quires careful comparison to enable one to state their distinguishing 

 marks. A complete Herbarium is required for the study of economic 

 botany ; and it must be added to indefinitely. 



Duplicate sets of Jamaica plants are of great value for the purpose of 

 exchanging with the other "West Indian Islands and with other Botan- 

 ical Establishments. A plant may be used for some purpose in one 

 island and its economic value may not be known elsewhere. An inter- 

 change of plants among the Islands is therefore of importance. Col- 

 lections are made in various parts of the Island as opportunities offer. 



It is evident that the chief value of the Herbarium is for the use of 

 the Director. Duplicates are however prepared for the convenience of 

 students and deposited in the Institute. Small Herbaria could also be 

 placed at each of the Grardens, if there were any demand for them on 

 the part of students. 



Mr. Wm, Harris, the Superintendent of the Hill Grarden, has not 

 only been of the greatest assistance in the general work of the Depart- 

 ment, but has especially devoted himself to the work of the Herbarium. 



He has been indefatigable in collecting, and as a result the following 

 is a list of species and varieties new to science, and a list of species 



