1963] 



BOTANY OF THE GUAYANA HIGHLANDS PART V 



239 



3a. Perama galioides var. galioides f . galioides Fig. 79, A-D. 



Perama galioides (H.B.K.) Poir. Diet. Nat, 38: 414. 1825. 



MattuschTcea galioides H.B.K. Nov. Gen. & Sp. PI. 2: 272. 1817; Spreng. Syst. Veg. ed. 

 16, 1: 418. 1825. 



Distribution. Southern Venezuela at elevations of usually 100-415 meters 

 among rocks in open savanna and along sandy banks of streams. 



VENEZUELA. Amazonas: ad flumen Orenoco, prope Esmeralda, Dec 1853, 

 Spruce 3236 (NY); Esmeralda; 15 May 1942, Llewelyn Williams 15380 (F, 

 VEN) ; Esmeralda; 13 May 1942, Williams 15321 (F, VEN) ; Esmeralda Ridge; 

 21 Aug 1944, Steyermark 57756 (F, NY, VEN) ; Grand Savanna, Esmeralda; 

 1 Nov 1928, Tate 290 (NY) ; open savanna, Esmeralda; 3 Oct 1928, Tate 180 

 (NY); Esmeralda Ridge, Alto Rio Orinoco; alt, 150-200 m; 23 Mar 1953, 

 Maguire & Wurdack 34653 (NY) ; Savanna No. 3, northwest base of Cerro 

 Yapacana, Rio Orinoco ; alt. 130 m ; 1 Jan 1951, Maguire, Cowan, & Wurdack 

 30530 (NY); Savanna No. 3, Cerro Yapacana, Rio Orinoco; 20 Nov 1953; 

 Maguire, Wurdack, & Bunting 36589 (NY) ; Maroa, Alto Rio Negro; alt. 127 m; 

 13 Feb 1942, Williams 14332 (VEN) ; Maroa, Rio Guainia; 1942, Williams 14321a 

 (F). Bolivar: Rio Abacapa, Chimanta Massif; alt. 415 m; 29 Mar 1953, Steyer- 

 mark 74696 (F, NY, VEN) ; sabana de bromeliaceas, Auyan-tepui ; alt, 1100 m; 

 Apr 1956, Vareschi & Foldats 4628b (VEN). 



3b. Perama galioides var. galioides f. quaternata Steyermark, f . nov. 



A var. galioides f. galioides foliis plerumque quaternatim verticillatis recedit, 

 f oliis supremis saepe ternatis ; foliis plerumque linearibus vel lineari-lanceolatis, 

 plerumque 0.2-1.5 mm latis, rariter ad 2 mm latis. 



Distribution. Savannas in southern Venezuela at elevations of 120-750 m. 



VENEZUELA. Amazonas : en los claros en la sabana de San Antonio, Upper 

 Orinoco; alt. 121 m; 27 Apr 1942, Llewelyn Williams 15067 (holotype F, isotype 

 VEN) ; Sabana de San Antonio; 27 Apr 1942, Williams 15024 (paratype VEN). 

 Bolivar : playas del raudal Karukuya, Rio Caroni ; alt, 740 m ; 9 Oct 1946, Cardona 

 1785 (VEN). 



The Cardona 1785 collection, with stems densely foliose, short internodes, and 

 broad leaves commonly 2 mm wide, is atypical. 



3c. Perama galioides var. galioides f . macrocephala Steyermark, f. nov. 



A var. galioides f . galioides inflorescentiis elongatis 9-25 mm longis, seminibus 

 0.9-1 mm longis recedit ; caulibus glabris vel adpresso-pubescentibus saepe valde 

 5-10-ramosis saepe cum 5-10 inflorescentiis; foliis plerumque manifeste patenti- 

 bus 1.5-4 mm latis ; corollis 6 mm longis, tubo 4.5 mm longo. 



Distribution. Known only from Serrania Paru, southwestern Venezuela. 



VENEZUELA. Amazonas: frequent in savanna at west end of Cerro Paru 

 near Carlo Asisa, Serrania Paru ; alt. 200 m ; 15 Feb 1951, Cowan & Wurdack 

 31455 (holotype NY). 



This is distinguished from typical P. galioides var. galioides f . galioides by its 

 quaternate, spreading, broader leaves, more elongated heads, larger seeds, and 

 more foliose and more branched stems with more numerous heads of flowers. The 

 heads may attain a length of 25 mm. The corollas are also longer than in typical 

 var. galioides, attaining 6 mm in length with a corolla-tube 4.5 mm. It perhaps 



