1963] 



BOTAXY OF THE GUAYANA HIGHLANDS PART V 



245 



VENEZUELA. Bolivar: Sabanas de Uriman, en las orillas del Rio Caroni; 

 alt. 400 m; 18 Sep 1946, Car dona 1630 (holotype VEN, isotype NY) ; Uriman; 

 alt. 300 m; 30 Apr 1953, Steyermark 75230 (F, NY, VEN) ; Uriman; Sep 1954, 

 Bernardi 1676 (NY) ; Uriman ; Aug 1953, Bernardi 734 (NY) ; Cerro de Auyan- 

 tepui, Diciembre 1937, Cardona 273 (VEN) ; Cerro Perro, Alto Paragua, Julio 

 1943, Cardona 732 (VEN) ; Cerro de Acurima, Santa Elena; 30 May 1946, Lasser 

 1959 (NY, VEN) ; Mount Auyan-tepui; alt. 1100 m; Dec 1937-Jan 1938, Tate 

 1185 (NY, VEN) ; between San Rafael and Enemasic; alt. 1200 m ; 5 Feb 1952, 

 Maguire 33168 (NY). 



This variation of P. galioidcs is the one having the most densely developed 

 extreme of pubescence. In this variation, the stems and leaves are covered with 

 more numerous hairs which also average longer. The stems are commonly 

 branched with elongated, widely spreading- to arcuate-ascending branches, and 

 are conspicuously foliose with usually spreading or somewhat ascending leaves. 

 The leaves and stems, upon drying, in both var. densipila and var. inter media, 

 have a more olive-green color with the hairs more generally yellowish than in 

 the other varieties treated. 



As in the other varieties of P. galioides, the var. densipila intergrades with 

 the other variations. In Tate 1185 the collection (NY) shows dense pubescence 

 on both leaf surfaces, but in the collection of the same number deposited in VEN, 

 the upper and lower leaf surfaces are only sparsely to moderately pubescent. In 

 Maguire 33168 there is an admixture in the specimens, some stems and leaves 

 having dense pubescence, others more glabrate. 



The holotype of Mattuschkea galioides H.B.K., upon which Perama galioides 

 (H.B.K.) Poir. is based, was collected by Humboldt and Bonpland "prope 

 Esmeralda in ripa Orinoci numinis" (Nov. Gen. & Sp. PI. 2: 272. 1817). 

 I have examined the holotype of this collection, Humboldt, Bonpland, & Kunth 

 1001 (P), and it is apparent, from a study of this specimen and a number 

 of collections cited above from the type locality, that this tax on refers to the 

 plants of Esmeralda having ternate, linear, glabrous leaves, filiform sparsely 

 branched, glabrous to sparsely appressed-pilosulous stems with inflorescences on 

 elongated scape-like peduncles with reduced leaves in the upper portion of the 

 stem. This is the commonest variation in the vicinity of Esmeralda, and is what 

 I have interpreted as P. galioides var. galioides f . galioides. 



Although the original description (loc. cit. p. 272) states that the leaves are 

 both "oppositis et ternis, " I have seen only ternately verticillate ones. The Spruce 

 3236 specimen, cited by Schumann in Martius's Flora Brasiiiensis (loc. cit. p. 90), 

 and the holotype specimen have ternate glabrous leaves with short appressed 

 hairs on the stems, and may be taken as typical of the characteristic condition 

 encountered in P. galioides var. galioides f . galioides. 



K. Schumann (loc. cit. p. 90) placed P. stricta Benth. in synonymy under 

 P. galioides, but did not cite nor include the collection of Schomburgk 100, upon 

 which P. stricta is based. However, as shown under my treatment of P. hirsuta 

 in another section of this paper, P. stricta Benth. must be considered a variation 

 of P. hirsuta, a taxon having opposite leaves in pairs, instead of ternate, as in 

 the P. galioides group. 



Perama galioides manifests dimorphism of the corollas quite strikingly, and 

 this dimorphism may account for some of the variation exhibited in the collections 

 taken from single populations. In typical P. galioides var. galioides f. galioides 

 both exserted and included anther types as well as both long-exserted and short 

 styles are found among the collections examined. Likewise, in P. galioides var. 



