— iii— 



effort of growth. All the others develop them, if at all, after 

 the stem has ceased to grow, and the vegetative energy, having 

 no other outlet, pushes out a few of the latent buds lying 

 between the ridges at the nodes. 



Bingen, Wash. High bottom land on the Columbia river. 

 W. N. Suksdorf, September 3, 1902, No. 2161. 



6. Drummondi (Milde) C. robustum Drummondi Milde, 

 Mon. Equis. 593. Fertile stems 3 feet high, 16 angled; sheaths 

 short, the lowest fuscous; teeth persistent, white, crispate; sto- 

 mata often of 1 to 3 lines to a series, which are separated by 

 4 to 6 cells. 



Collected by Drummond at the Brazos river in Texas. It is 

 very aberrant, but is placed here on account of its anatomy. I 

 have not seen specimens of this. 



7. Afhne {Eng.) (E. robustum afhne Eng.) E. hiemale of 

 American authors, not L. Stems 18 to 30 inches high, 2 to 5 lines 

 in diameter, finely 16 to 40 angled, dark green, angles with broad 

 bands of silex, rarely with two rows of tubercles. Internodes 

 when dry contracted above and below, widest in the middle as 

 in hiemale, scurfy when young; sheaths longer than broad, at 

 first with a black limb, developing a broad ashy band and nar- 

 row black basal ring, fading, rupturing and deciduous the second 

 or third year; leaves narrowly linear, sharply 3 angled, the 

 central ridges only rarely centrally grooved except on the 

 branches, where they usually are ; commissural groove very nar- 

 row, not widened upward ; teeth articulated to the sheaths, per- 

 sistent or usually cohering by their tips and torn off by the growth 

 of the stem, those of each sheath shaped like a candle extin- 

 guisher, all telescoped together and borne up on the tip of the 

 stem. 



Very common in New England and the east generally, where 

 the type of robustum is absent. Toward the west it runs into 

 the next, but it is occasionally found, even to the valley of 

 Mexico (Pringle 3329). Approaches typical hiemale in its long 

 sheaths and size, and differs little except in the cross-bands of 

 silex. Found usually in moist sand near a watercourse; at 

 times on high sandy banks. It is by no means certain that this 

 is the variety described by Engelmann under this name, but 



