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ings are as follows : — (1) The technical training of teachers, mostly en- 

 gaged in elementary schools, who are capable of giving instruction to 

 lads in evening schools and classes (2) The provision of experts for 

 giving courses of instruction in particular branches of practice, such as 

 dairying, horticulture, poultry-keeping, and the like, together with con- 

 venient arrangements for the necessary supervision of the instruction 

 so given. (3) The provision of instruction to actual farmers in those 

 matters of a semi-scientific, semi-practical character which are now 

 usually classified under the head of extension lectures, and which com- 

 prise such subjects as the economic use of artificial fertilisers and feeding 

 stuffs, the methods of preventing or mitigating the attacks of injurious 

 insects and other pests affecting farm crops, the hygiene of the farm, and 

 the treatment of stock in health or disease. (4) The conduct of stations 

 of field demonstration and experiment, whereby farmers are shown on their 

 own farms the action of different manures, and are taught by means of 

 lectures how to discriminate between them, and to choose and purchase 

 tho;-e which are calculated to give the best return to the crops for 

 which they are intended. (5 ) The provision at the college centre of 

 such continuous courses of scientific instruction as are likely to be of edu- 

 cational value to the sons of farmers in the district, at a cost within the 

 reach of the class for which they are intended. (6) The provision of 

 means for personal intercourse between the head of the agricultural de- 

 partment of the local college and his staff and the farmers in the neigh- 

 bourhood, so that the college may become the place to which the agri- 

 culturist of the district will naturally turn for information and assis- 

 tance in every matter of a scientific character bearing in any way upon 

 their practical work. (7) The provision in each locality, for the benefit 

 of the local authorities, of a body of scientific experts whose services 

 may be available, either tor instruction or for consultation, at a cost 

 much below that which an individual Council would have to pay if it 

 were to attempt to set up a n institution of similar character in its own 

 area. This broad statement of the proper work of a collegiate centre 

 indicates generally the aims that may be kept in view in establishing or 

 developing institutions of this class. Notwithstanding the concentra- 

 tion of a large poriion of the .State yrant on the maintenance of the 

 centres, it is fully recognised that some time must elapse before all 

 of these, brought into existence ihrou^h the action of the Board, 

 can fully discharge the list of potential functions above described. 

 Developments must in every case be m> re or less gradual and tentative, 

 and the precise importance attached to each section of the work will to 

 some extent necessarily vary with the local needs of each district In 

 contrast with the position of matters in 1888, it must be remembered 

 that, according to the latest returns of local educational enterprise, 

 dairying is now being taught, in some form or other, under the 

 County Councils of all the counties of England and Wales, exc pt Lon- 

 don and Middlesex. Similar instruction is given in more than half of 

 the administrative counties of Scotland. Separate fixed schools for the 

 more systematic teaching of dairying in addition to the institutions 

 aided by the Board have been established, or are being projected, by 

 various County Councils. Lectures and demonstrations on horticulture, 

 poultry-keeping, and farriery, are now being given in many counties 

 as part of the regular scheme of technical education and manual instruc 



