200 



fresh shoots which reach the surface, when they are also shod with fine 

 mould, and the process is renewed so long as the upward growth of 

 these new shoots require it, which is until the old branch system has 

 been, so to speak, reconstituted. In some cases, of course when the 

 uprooted tree has been very seriously injured, or is succumbing to 

 senile decay, it will be, of course, a fruitless task to attempt to regene- 

 rate it by this method, which can, however, always be advantageously 

 applied to those cases in which the tree has either suffered through 

 neglect, or through a violent separation from the soil. Should any of 

 the young trees perish their places should be filled by plants of the 

 hardier type, which will best resist the adverse condition to whioh they 

 are subjected when planted amidst half-adult individuals whose over- 

 hanging boughs prevent the sun's rays from reaching the new arrivals. 



Association of Fruit and Vegetables or Cereals, with the Young 

 Standels of a New Plantation. 



The custom of sowing various kinds of pulse cereals and vegetables, 

 generally of inter-planting slips of other trees or vine shoots among 

 the saplings of the nascent plantation, is very widely spread, and within 

 proper limits will contribute to utilise those vacant spaces, which are at 

 first left unoccupied by the young trees, and thus render productive at 

 an earlier date the ground which would otherwise only render after the 

 lapse of several years. 



As to the most suitable plant to cultivate, no cut and dried rules can 

 be laid down, every one must use his own judgment, his own experi- 

 ence, or lacking this, the experience of other landowners, on the advis- 

 ability of giving the preference to any particular plant. It may, how- 

 ever, be admitted that under ordinary conditions of soil and situation, 

 the cotton plant and vine will always give good results, and are wont 

 to be highly valued by most cultivators from the rich, constant, and in 

 the case of cotton, early yield they afford, cn the other hand it will be 

 easily understood how in the neighbourhood of large populous centres, 

 orange-growers are < ften tempted to sow vegetable seed, or how again 

 in situations of close proximity to seaports and cities, medlar and man- 

 darins are often raised, both on account of the large markets these cir- 

 cumstances are wont to offer, and of the rapid growth and fruition of 

 these trees. 



Subsequent Labours. 



As soon as the development of the trees renders the contempo- 

 raneous produce of other plants unadvisable, a certain regular round 

 of labours is initiated which continues with little intermission or change 

 during all the remaining life of the plant. The course of regular 

 labours opens with the late spring and early summer, periodical irriga- 

 tions which are assiduously carried on until the autumn rains render 

 them unnecessary. The soil is then hoed or even ploughed, with the 

 object of burying all those noxious weeds which shoot up so speedily and 

 so abundantly after these same first rains, and secondly, in order to lay 

 bare the base of the holes. Later on, towards the end of the cold wet 

 season, and when the soil is of a clayey nature, which is wont to retain 

 the superabundant moisture, it is usual to open trenches to draw off the 



