82 MEMOIRS OF THE NEW YORK BOTANICAL GARDEN [VOL. 11 



or in pairs. Female inflorescence terminal on the stem or a branch, with sub- 

 floral innovations, the bracts and bracteoles in two or three series, similar, like 

 the leaves and underleaves, larger. Perianth trigonous, divided into three long 

 lobes above, the margins undulate to obscurely toothed. Sporophyte not seen. 

 Fig. 2, a-d. 



Habitat: On soil. 



PATAGONIA— TIERRA DEL FUEGO: Cerro Tesoro Massiv, 1000 m, G. H. Schwabe, 

 (type Hb. Herzog) ; Nahuel Haupi, 1500 m, Wolffiigel (Hb. Herzog) ; Ushuaia, 780 m, 

 Skottsberg [1902] (S-PA) ; Rio Azapardo; 600 m, Dusen (UPS, SPA); Sierra Valdiviesci, 

 750 m, Slcottsberg (S-PA); Lago Fagnano, Halle (S-PA); Staten I., Port Cook, Shottsberg 

 (S PA). [I have cited the localities as given by Herzog & Grolle, 1959.] The species also 

 occurs in Tristan da Cunha, crater of the Peak, 2000 m, Christopherson 4' Mejland (as f. 

 minima) (Herzog & Grolle, 1958). 



3. Pachyglossa spegazziniana (Massalongo) Herzog & Grolle, Revue Bryol. 

 Lichenol. 27: 159. /. 4, 5. 1958. 



Lophocolea spegazziniana Massalongo, Nuovo Gior. Bot. Ital. 17: 225. pi. 17, f. 13. 1885. 

 Lophocolea spegazzinii (Massalongo) Stephani, Spec. Hep. 3: 54. 1906. 

 Lophocolea azopardana Stephani, Spec. Hep. 3: 54. 1906. 

 Herpocladium minimum Stephani ms., Icones Hepat., Herpocladin m, no. 4. 

 Pachyglossa speggaziniana var. exilis Herzog & Grolle, Revue Bryol. Lichenol. 27: 159. 

 f. 6. 1958. 



Plants of small to medium size, prostrate to ascending with stolon-like 

 branches from the base, yellow-green to brown, in mats; stems rigid, 2-8 cm 

 long, irregularly branched, the branches in the axils of the leaves and under- 

 leaves; stems in transverse section with a unistratose cortical layer of somewhat 

 smaller cells with thickened walls. Rhizoids on the scale leaves of the basal 

 stolons and the flagelliform branches. Leaves distant to approximate or imbri- 

 cate, broadly obovate to elliptic, the apex rounded or obtuse, rarely recurved 

 above, patent, to 1 mm long, the margin entire, pluristratose to the middle 

 (rarely only at the base) ; cells of the upper portion of the leaf 10-16 X 10-20 p, 

 the walls uniformly thin, the trigones small, distinct, the cuticle verruculose. 

 Underleaves similar to and as large as the leaves, smaller than the leaves on 

 robust stems, of equal size, ligulate to narrowly ovate, obtuse, emarginate to very 

 shortly bidentate at the tip. Plants dioicous. Male inflorescence terminal be- 

 coming intercalary on the stem or branch, the bracts and bracteoles similar to 

 the leaves and underleaves, in few series ; antheridia solitary, in the axils of the 

 bracts. Female inflorescence terminal on the stem or a leafy branch, often with 

 one or two subfloral innovations, the bracts and bracteoles similar to the leaves 



Fig. 1. Pachyglossa tenacifolia. 1 a. Portion of a stem, ventral view, X 30; U, under- 

 leaf. 1 b. Stem, dorsal view, showing an axillary lateral branch, X 33. 1 c. Young female 

 inflorescence with bracts and bracteoles, X 33. 



Fig. 2. P. dissitifolia. 2 a. Portion of a stem, ventral view, X 18; I T , underleaf. 2 b. Leaf 

 cells, surface view, X 200. 2 c. Transverse section of a leaf, X 83. 2 d. Portion of a transverse 

 section of a stem, X 160. 



Fig. 3. P. spegazziniana. 3 a. Portion of a stem, ventral view, X 18. 3 b. Leaf cells, 

 X 200. 3 c. Transverse section through the leaf below the middle, X 83. 3 d. Female 

 bracts and the bracteole of one series, X 18. 3 e. Perianth, opened out, X 18. 



Fig. 4. P. fissa. 4 a. Stem with a perianth and a subfloral innovation, X 18; B, the 

 innovation. 4 b. Leaf, X 36. 4 c. Transverse section through a leaf, X 200. 4 d. Under- 

 leaf, X 36. 4 e. Mouth of the perianth, X 36. 



Figs. 2, 3, and 4 after Herzog & Grolle, 1958, Grolle, 1959. 



