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LEAFY HEPATICAE OF LATIN AMERICA PART III 



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and bearing a male (rarely) or female inflorescence, or in some species the branch 

 flagelliform. Rhizoids from the ventral side of the stem. Stem in transverse section 

 with the cortical cells larger than those of the medulla (at least on the dorsal side). 

 Leaves succubous or transverse, bifid. Underleaves very small or absent. Male 

 inflorescence terminal becoming intercalary on a leafy axis, more rarely on a short 

 ventral branch, the bracts resembling the leaves. Female inflorescence terminal on a 

 short ventral branch, the bracts and bracteoles in 3 or 4 series, the innermost series 

 largest, bifid. Perianth cylindrical below, with 3 rounded keels above, the third keel 

 ventral (hypogonanthous). Gemmae often present, 1-celled, smooth or angled. 

 Type genus: Cephalozia (Dumortier) Dumortier, 1835. 



Key to the Genera 



1. Vegetative plant a persistent filamentous protonema with foliaceous male and female 



bracts. Protocephalozia. 



1. Vegetative plant a leafy stem with branches. 



2. Leaves with a conspicuous inrolled watersac on the ventral margin. Nowellia. 



2. Leaves without a watersac. Cephalozia. 



Cephalozia (Dumortier) Dumortier, Recueil Obs. Jungerm. 18. 1835. 



Jungermannia sect. Cephalozia Dumortier, Syllog. Jungerm. 60. 1831. p.p. 

 Jungermannia sect. Bicuspides Nees, Naturg. Eur. Leberm. 2: 211. 1836. 

 Trigonanlhus Spruce, Trans. Proc. Bot. Soc. Edinb. 3: 207. 1849. 

 Cephalozia subg. Eucephalozia Spruce, On Cephalozia 30. 1882. 



Plants small, light green, whitish or brown to reddish, prostrate or ascending, 

 in mats or with other bryophytes; branches occasionally lateral, of the Frullania 

 type, usually ventral-intercalary, leafy or short and bearing a male or female in- 

 florescence, in some species often flagelliform; stem in transverse section with up 

 to about 15 cortical rows, the cells larger than those of the medulla at least on the 

 dorsal side. Rhizoids from the ventral side of the stem. Line of leaf insertion 

 oblique, nearly longitudinal to nearly transverse. Leaves rotundate-ovate to long- 

 ovate, often decurrent, bifid to one-third or one-half their length, the segments 

 entire. Underleaves absent or of only a few cells or as slime papillae. Plants 

 monoicous or dioicous. Male inflorescence spike-like, short, ventral or terminal 

 becoming intercalary on the leafy axis; bracts larger or smaller than the leaves, bifid, 

 pouched. Female inflorescence on a short ventral branch, the bracts and bracteoles 

 in 3 or 4 series, similar to but larger than the leaves, sometimes coalesced at the 

 base. Perianth long, cylindrical below, with three rounded keels above, the mouth 

 narrowed, toothed, cleft, setulose or crenulate. Shoot-sporophyte relationship a 

 shoot-calyptra. Sporophyte capsule oblong, light to dark brown, the wall 2-layered, 

 with characteristic thickenings, the elaters arranged diagonally or transversely from 

 the walls, the free ends converging toward the center of the capsule. Seta in section 

 of 8 large outer cells and 4 small inner cells. Gemmae when present 1-celled, in 

 green or reddish clusters on the tips of the stems. 



Type species: Jungermannia bicuspidata Linnaeus, 1753. 



Key to the Species 



1. Leaves nearly longitudinally inserted, more or less decurrent; leaf segments narrowly 

 triangular from a 2- or 3-celled base. 



2. Tip cell of the leaf segment 3 or 4 times as long as wide; segments more or less 



straight, the tip 2, or rarely 3 cells long. 3. C. caribbeania. 



2. Tip cell of the leaf segment rarely more than twice as long as wide. 

 3. Leaf segments connivent, the tip of 1 or 2 cells. 



