42 



mum, camplior laurel, Atlanta buxifolia, rose, Machilus Thunhergii 

 Quercm cuspidata, Garcinia Cambogia, Rhododendron arboreum, 

 guava, Lonchocarpus Barteri, &c. 



Enemies. — The parasite Aspidiophagus citrinus has been fired from it 

 by Prof. W. G. Johnson. 



DestrucHveness. — When abundant it may become troublesome, but it 

 occurs scattered over the leaves and twigs, not massed like A. ar- 

 ticulatus. It is, on the other hand, a much more conspicuous 

 scale than ar ticulatus. 



(78.) Aspidiotus destructor, Signoret. (The Bourbon Aspidiotus.) 



Diagnosis. — -A very thin, flat, circular white or whitish seal % with a 

 very pale yellow central spot. 



Distribution. — Abundant in Jamaica and Trinidad. Also found in 

 Grenada, Barbados, Antigua, Porto Rico, Demerara, Bourbon, 

 Marquesas Is., Laccadive Is , and Formosa. 



Food-plants. — Various palms, Ba^sia latifolia, guava, banana, mango, 

 Terminalia Catappa, Fandanus, &c. 



Distructiveness. — Its name was given on account of its destructive pro- 

 pensities in Bourbon. More recently it has been complained of 

 as a serious pest in the Marquesas Is., and it is quite troublesome 

 in Trinidad. It is undoubtedly a native of the tropics of the old 

 world. 



(79.) Aspidiotus hederce, Yallot, var. nerii, Bouche. — (The Oleander 

 Aspidiotus.) 



Diagnosis. — Like destructor, but whiter, with the central spot smaller 

 and of a pale orange tint. 



Distribution, — In the West Indies known only from Grenada. It is a 

 very common scale in the Mediterranean region and other parts of 

 Europe, as well as in the United States. It is also found in Chile 

 and Mexico. While A. destructor is essentially a tropical insect, 

 nerii belongs to the warmer parts of the temperate zone, and is 

 rarely observed in the tropics. Maskell reports it from New Zea- 

 land, Australia and the Sandwich Is. 



Food-plants. — Very numerous. In Grenada it was found on olive, 

 elsewhere it occurs on Melia, currant, ivy. Acacia, cherry, lemon, 

 maple. Yucca, plum, lilac, arbor-vitse, Agave americana. Magnolia 

 grandiflora, Quercusagrifolia, Arbutus Menziesii, SolanumDouglani, 

 Aristea major, Clematis flammula, Spartium junceum, Calycotome 

 spinosa, Ceratonia, Robinia pseudacacia, Cratwgus, Phtllyrea me- 

 dia, Antirrhinum majus, Stachys circinata, Laurus nobilis, Smilax 

 asp era, &c. 



Varieties. — The species is commonly known as A. nerii, but it is only 

 the more frequent form of the ivy scale, earlier named hederce. 

 The form on lemons is known as var. limonii, Signoret ; a form 

 found on Ceratonia is var. ceratonice, Signoret ; a form on olive is 

 var. villosus Targ. Tozz. 



Enemies. — The Rev. A. E. Eaton writes that in Algeria it is preyed 

 upon by Chrysopa vulgaris and Coccinellidae. Berlese has reared 

 Frcspalta aurantii, Howard, from the hederce form in Italy. 



