247 



these soils varies from 13.8 per cent in the river soils and shaly lime- 

 stone soils to 29 . 27 per cent in the pure limestone soils. They main- 

 tain on an average about 18 per cent, of water, the amount rising to 

 22 to 23 per cent, in the heaviest limestone soils. The best wrapper 

 leaf is produced on the lighter soils. 



" The cigar tobacco district of Ohio is situated in the south-western 

 part of the State and includes the country bordering on the Miami 

 River, Montgomery, Darke, and Preble counties forming the centre of 

 the district. The soil is derived from drift material which has been 

 worked over and modified by subsequent action of water." A typical 

 soil from this region was found to contain 44.01 per cent, of silt and 

 27.52 per cent, of clay. It thus appears that the soils of this district 

 are as heavy in texture as the limestone soils of Pennsylvania. During 

 the season of 1897 they maintained a moisture content of a little more 

 than 27 per cent. " It is probable that the mean water content of 

 these soils in an average season would amount to about 23 to 24 per 

 cent, of water. The tobacco grown under these conditions is used al- 

 most exclusively as a filler leaf. 



" The Wisconsin tobacco is used both as a wrapper and filler leaf to 

 some extent." It is grown on soils a typical sample of which was found 

 to contain 36 . 05 per cent, of silt and 22 . 76 per cent, of clay. No 

 determinations of the moisture content of these soils have been made. 



The Cuban type ot cigar wrapper and filler and some Sumatra to- 

 bacco are grown in Florida, especially in western Florida, although a 

 new tobacco district is being opened up in the region of Fort Mead, on 

 the peninsula. The tobacco lands of western Florida are " a light loam 

 about 12 in. deep, resting on a heavy red clay, which is naturally well 

 drained. The hammock soil of Fort Mead is, on the other hand, a very 

 light, sandy soil, extending down to a very considerable depth." The red 

 subsoils of Western Florida contain about 30 percent, of clay, but main- 

 tain on an average only about 8 or 10 per cent, of moisture. The ham- 

 mock lands " contain on an average less than 4 per cent, of clay and less 

 than 6 per cent, of silt, fine silt,and clay. They contain over 50 percent, 

 of fine sand, so that they are relatively rather coarse and open. Notwith- 

 standing this open texture . . , [they] contain an average 8 percent, of water 

 throughout the season, which is about as much as the tobacco lands of 

 the Connecticut Valley contain. This water content, moreover, is for 

 some reason more uniform, and the land can go for some time without 

 rain with no serious injury to the crops. Nevertheless the planters have 

 been greatly benefited by judicial systems of irrigation through over- 

 head sprays. By thus keeping the plants continually and rapidly grow- 

 ing the crop will mature in 45 days from the time the plants are set 

 out." 



The soils of the cigar tobacco districts which are being developed in 

 Texas and Southern California have not been thoroughly studied, but 

 the analyses which have been made indicate that the soils " agree very 

 well with the finer grades of cigar tobacco lands. The general climatic 

 conditions, however, are different." 



The bright yellow tobacco used for cigarettes, plug wrappers, fillers, 

 and cutting is grown mainly in Virginia, North Carolina, South Caro- 

 lina, and East Tennessee. The typical bright tobacco land consists of 

 a loose, porous sand, containing not more than 8 or 10 per cent, of clay^ 



