1955] 



REVISION OF THE GENUS SAGITTARIA 



205 



scarcely thickened, recurved pedicels 5-15 cm long. Staminate flowers with 7 or 

 9 stamens. Mature achenes with faces >winged, unknown except in the extreme 

 southern portion of the range. (FIG. lOd.) 



Type collection: July 1877, Hitchings s.n., Neponsit R., Readville, Norfolk 

 Co., Massachusetts (lectotype, GH). When Watson proposed S. natans var. gracil- 

 lima in the sixth edition of Gray's Manual, he cited a number of collections with- 

 out designating a type. All of these are in the Gray Herbarium and all bear the 

 same annotations. The proposed lectotype is a specimen cited and named by 

 Watson that is typical of var. gracillima. 



Distribution: Sporadic throughout the range of the species from Massachusetts 

 south, apparently absent south of New Jersey and north of South Carolina. In the 

 moving fresh waters of small streams or occasionally in ponds especially south- 

 ward. Collections examined from Alabama, Connecticut, Florida, Georgia, Mass- 

 achusetts, New Jersey, New York, Rhode Island, South Carolina. (FIG. 10.) 



8c. Sagittaria subulata var. kurziana (Gluck) Bogin, comb. nov. 

 Sagittaria kurziana Gluck, Bull. Torrey Club 54: 257. 1927. 



Perennial with runners and corms. Leaves modified into submerged phyllodia 

 10-90 cm or more long, 0.7-1.4 cm wide, the floating free ends rarely bladelike, 

 ovate, to 4.5 x 1.7 cm. Scape 45-90 cm or more long, simple with 4-10 whorls of 

 flowers, occasionally branching from the lowest whorl. Bracts connate at the 

 base, rarely spathe-like, the filiform ends 1-3 cm long, usually persistent. Pistil- 

 late flowers with thickened recurved pedicels 2-9 cm long. Staminate flowers 

 with 9-15 stamens. Achene faces 2- or 3-winged. (FIG. lOe.) 



Type collections: 3/11/26, Gluck s.n., Wakulla R., Wakulla Co., Florida 

 (holotype, not seen, presumably at Berlin; isotype, US). 



Distribution: Florida, in slow-moving streams (where greatly elongated), ponds, 

 and pools. (FIG. 10.) 



S. subulata is a plant limited to the coastal regions of the Eastern United 

 States, in both tidal and fresh waters. An exceedingly plastic species vegeta- 

 tively, which is only hesitantly separated into three proposed varieties. These 

 are all similar florally, and merge into one another vegetatively without sharp 

 demarcation in structure or distribution. 



Variety subulata, in its typical form, is a dwarfed phyllodial plant of tidal 

 waters (S. pusilla Nutt.). In quiet fresh water it develops floating, bladed leaves 

 (S. natans Michx.), or longer phyllodes (var. lorata Chapm.). 



Variety gracillima is typically an elongate plant with narrowed phyllodes 

 limited to fresh water streams in the north and also in ponds in the south. Pre- 

 liminary investigation seems to show that in its northern range, at least, this 

 variety is a polyploid (2n = 44). The sharp break in its distribution from Delaware 

 south through North Carolina suggests the possibility that all the northern plants 

 are introduced from the south. This premise gains additional weight when it can 

 be shown that the northern plant is apparently sterile, never producing mature 

 achenes and reproducing solely by means of runners, and that it was not collected 

 before the 1860's. That the plant was never collected earlier in a region so well 

 botanized and that the plant is a common aquarium aerator further substantiate 

 the possibility of its being introduced. 



Variety kurziana in its typical form is a greatly elongated plant with wide 

 phyllodes, growing in the slow-moving, warm waters of several Floridan streams. 

 In quiet pond waters, it is a much smaller plant but is still characterized by wide 

 phyllodes and elongate, persistant bracts. Griscom notes (no. 21509, GH), that 

 the leaves reach a length of fifty feet. If this is so, var. kurziana must be re- 



