Gums, Resins. 



8 



January, 1910. 



the bark of the tree, make a prick In the 

 paper with the point of the drawing pin 

 where the short projecting end overlaps. 

 This registers the girth of the tree on the 

 strap. 



The tree is then marked with a cross 

 with a piece of chalk to show it has been 

 measured, pass on to the next tree and 

 repeat. 



At the end of the day the strap is 

 handed over to the superintendent, who 

 rules off the piicked-marked paper into 

 inches measuring from the point of the 

 pin. The number of pricks in each inch 

 is counted and recorded which, of course, 

 is the number of trees of that girth 

 measured in the day. 



In this way one coolie on a clean estate 

 can easily measure a thousand trees a 



day. To allow for the thickness of the 

 strap the superintendent may make a 

 few control measurements with a tape, 

 but as a general rule half an inch is 

 ample, and this is allowed for by measur- 

 ing off the strap, not from the actual 

 point of the pin, but half an inch 

 inside it. 



There is in practice no real difficulty 

 with more than one prick being made in 

 the same place, and the census taken in 

 this fashion is accurate to three per 

 cent., which is as much as is, in reason, 

 ever wanted. 



The advantages are, it is quick, it does 

 not need skilled labour, it is simple, it 

 automatically sorts out the results into 

 the form required, namely, numbers of 

 trees of specific girths. 



OILS AND FATS. 



THE CULTURE OF YL ANG-YL ANG. * 



(From the Philippine Agricutural Re- 

 view, Vol. II., No. 9, September, 1909.) 



Development in Reunion and 

 Cocin China, 

 Our readers may have noted in the 

 last statistical tables of our valued colla- 

 borator, Mr. G. Ernst, that Reunion has 

 now won recognition among the Ylang- 

 ylang-producing countries. The dis- 

 tillers of Manila and Java will have 

 henceforth to reckon with this new 

 source of supply, for it is now an estab- 

 lished fact that this tree prospers 

 remarkably in the lowlands of Reunion- 

 and furnishes, in economic quantities, 

 an essence equal to the best quality 

 obtained in the Philippines. 



Market Conditions. 



In order to reply in the m'ost ade- 

 quate manner to the inquiries that have 

 been addressed to us regarding the 

 prasent market conditions of the essence 

 of ylang-ylang, we have sought infor- 

 mation from the most competent indus- 

 trial and commercial experts. First, Mr. 

 Roure-Bertrand Fils, the able manager 

 of the important firm at Grasse, France, 

 gives, in a letter dated May 14, 1908, the 

 following opinion :— 



"Considerable quantities are beginning 

 to arrive in the different markets from 

 Reunion. We have had occasion to 

 examine samples to the value of 450 or 

 £00 francs, and in our opinion this 



* Translated from Journal d'AgricullurJ Tropi- 

 cale, June, 1908, 



essence is at least equal, if not superior, 

 to that furnished by the Philippines, 

 to Avhich it bids fair to become a formid- 

 able rival. The shipments being made 

 by post, it is very difficult to ascertain 

 the figures regarding the importation 

 into Europe." 



With equal courtesy, Messrs. Schim- 

 mel & Co., of Miltitz, France, to whom 

 we frequently apply for reliable informa- 

 tion, have communicated with us as 

 follows :— 



" It is certain that the ylang-ylang 

 met with in commerce is distilled prin- 

 cipally in the Philippines* and in Java, 

 and other countries are scarcely heard 

 of in this connection. The present value 

 of the very finest quality is about 5,000 

 francs per kilogram, while the medium 

 quality scarcely exceeds 300 francs. 

 The present production largely suffices 

 for the demand, more especially since 

 many perfumers and soap manufac- 

 turers prefer our synthetic essence of 

 ylang-ylang, which is finer and more 

 marke table, t " 



In a more recert letter (May 30, 1908), 

 Messrs. Schimmel call our attentiou to 

 a passage in the Diplomatic and Con- 

 sular Reports (No. 31*73, April, 1908), 

 which we here reproduce :- 



* The value of the exports of this product were 

 $i5,930in 1900, $16,290 in 1901, $63,270 in 1902, 

 and $123, 182 in 1903. 



f This artificial product has already been dis- 

 cussed in No. 17 of the Journal d' Agriculture Tro- 

 picale, where it was seen that its influrnce on the 

 market price of the natural product has not been 

 yery great, 



