and Magazine of the Ceylon Agricultural Society—May, 1910, 



479 



The following particulars of sources of supply 

 have their interest :— 



1907. 1908. 1909. 

 {For halt chests. 

 Moyunes .. 67,000 58,000 55,000 



Tienkais .. 52,000 44,000 54,000 



Fychows .. £6,000 39,000 49,000 



Country teas 

 Hysons 

 Pingsueys 

 Hoochons 



Wenchows and Shanghai 

 packed 



145,000 111,000 

 183,000 188.000 

 161,000 145,000 

 13,0(0 16,000 



158/00 

 138,000 

 142,001) 

 27,000 



32.G0O 34,000 37,000 



474,000 524,000 502,000 



The export figures read as follows :— 



1907. 1908. 1909. 



United Kingdom 2.750,000 1,800,000 1,300,000 



Continent of Europe 8,700,000 5,000,000 6,500,000 



United States 16,400,900 13,750,000 15,400,0o0 



Canada 575,000 1,< 00,000 1,100,000 



Batoum y,0o0,000 13,010,100 10,000,CO() 



Bombay 1,000,000 1,500,000 1,200,000 



North Africa 375,000 590,000 865,000 



32 8CO,000 36,610,000 36,365,000 



Noticeable features in the above figures are 

 the rapidly expanding trades with the Euro- 

 pean Continent and North Africa. Hamburg's 

 big business is in Sowmees, to cost c.i.f. 4d or 

 under, not a high standard. — The vagaries of the 

 stocks of green tea in London are really remark- 

 able and the following figures, if correct, will 

 create surprise : — 



lb. 



The stock of Green Tea in London on July 



31st, 1909 was .. 1,300,000 



The total export of Green Tea to London 



for season was . . 1,300,000 



The delivery for eight months August to 

 March inclusive 



Showing an excess over deliveries of stock 

 to be 



But the stock in London on March 31st, 

 1910 was 



Which shows that supplies from other sources 

 must have amounted to no less than 



2,600,000 

 3,820,000 



1,2 0,000 

 3,300,000 



4,520,000 



That is, that the indirect import into London 

 is three-and-a-half times as large as the 

 direct export from China. 



It is well known that large quantities of 

 tea find their way from Hamburg and Mar- 

 seilles into London, as also the quantity was 

 never exhibited in this way before. It would, 

 indeed, be interesting to know with some ex- 

 actness, the contributing proportion from each 

 and every source.— North China Herald, April 15. 



RECORD RUBBER GROWTH IN THE 

 PHILIPPINES. 



It is repotted from Davao that on the plan- 

 tation at Lais, managed by H S Peabody, 100 

 Castilloa rubber trees, three years old, were 

 measured (without fielection of trees) and the 

 measurements 3 feet above the ground ranged 

 from 22 to 34 inches in circumference. These 

 trees are bearing seed. From reports it appears 

 that these trees equal in size the rubber trees 

 of Ceylon which are from 5 to 7 years old. — 

 Mindanao Herald, April 16. 



SOCIETY OF CHEMICAL INDUSTRY. 



London Section: Lecture on Robber. 



Mr. H. K. Rutherford and Mr. If. Wright Speak. 



A meeting of this section was held at Bur- 

 lington House, Piccadilly, W., on April 4th, 

 Dr. J Lewkowitsch in the chair. A paper was 

 read by Dr. P Schidrowitz on 



THE INDIARUBBER INDUSTRY. 



The lecturer first briefly sketched the origin of 

 the rubber industry, the founders being Han- 

 cock, Mackintosh, and Goodyear. Peal, in 1791, 

 was granted a patent for the application of 

 caoutchouc to waterproofing cloth ; in 1820 

 Hancock devised a "masticator" for working 

 up rubber into a homogeneous mass, and Mac- 

 kintosh was the first to use a solution of rubber 

 for waterproofing purposes. Goodyear, in 1839, 

 discovered the use of sulpher for vulcanising 

 rubber, a process which Hancock independently 

 discovered in 1844. The lecturer emphasised 

 the importance of vulcanising, which renders 

 rubber proof against temperature and atmos- 

 pheric action The rubber industry consists, 



said Dr. Schidrowitz, of a series of industries : 

 (1) The preparation of the crude rubber ; (2) 

 manufacture of rubber articles ; and (3) working 

 up of waste rubber. The influence of the plan- 

 ting industry has made itself felt in the im- 

 proved methods of preparing the crude rubber 

 so that the old territorial classifications in 

 grading are giving way to a system based on 

 the botanical origin. A series of lantern-slides 

 was then shown to illustrate the method of 

 obtaining the latex of the rubber-trees and 

 methods of preparing rubber from it. The 

 sources of rubber were thus classified : — 



— Indigenous. Planted. 



Hevea braziliensis Amazon Malay, Ceylon, 



Java, Sumatra, 

 Samoa. 



Ffcus elastica Assam, Malay and 



East generally Dutch colonies, 

 New Guinea, 

 etc. 



Funtumia elastica 1 Tropical and sub- 

 Landolphia species/ tropical Africa Uganda, Caun- 



eroons, etc. 



Castilloa elastica Mexico and 



Central America Mexico, West- 

 Indies 



Manihot Glazcovii Brazil The East, 



Cameroons 



The acreage of planted rubber was put as 

 693,000 acres, of which 250,000 are in the Malay 

 Peninsula and 190,000 in Ceylon. The chemical 

 differences between rubber from the various 

 species is surprisingly small when allowances 

 have been made for the various methods of 

 obtaining and treating the latex. The planta- 

 tion industry has so developed that it has been 

 shown that it is possible to prepare all qualities 

 of high-class rubber. The physical differences 

 are moremarkod, but those may disappear when 

 more is known of the conditions of preparation, 

 The bulk of the rubber is still made by hap- 

 hazard methods, and loses much, in washing. 

 The amount of resin present is influenced by the 

 method of preparation. Para rubber still sets 

 the standard, but does not fetch the highest price 



