Oils and Fats. 



U 



[January, 1912. 



10*65 grammes). It is extracted 

 from a and 6, while c, which 

 is less expensive, is in demand 

 for making bean-curd. 



2. Green Soy Bean {Ching lou). — 

 There are two kinds of this bean, one in 

 which the epidermis and inside are both 

 green, and the other in which the inside 

 is yellow. It is of the same size, shape 

 and weight as the white yellow bean 

 (100 seeds - 18*88 grammes). Both kinds 

 are cooked and eaten as a vegetable and 

 are also salted and put away in jars for 

 winter use. 



The yellow and green varieties of Soy 

 bean occupy the ground from April to 

 August, whereas the black kind takes 

 much longer to mature. 



Races and Varieties. 



3. Black Soy Bean {Hei Tou).—Oi this 

 there are two kinds: — 



(a) The first is much larger, rounder 

 and heavier than the yellow and 

 green varieties. Only eighty- 

 eight weigh one ounce (100 seeds = 

 32*19 grammes). Like the green 

 beans it is used in its fresh state 

 as well as pickled. 



(b) This is a small flattish bean, 

 about 150 going to the ounce (100 

 seeds =0 29 grammes). It is used 

 principally in medicine, also for 

 food. Both the forms are black 

 outside and yellow inside, the 

 testa of the former being readily 

 detachable when crushed. 



Races in India. 



it will be seen from the foregoing that 

 there is a large variety of Soy beans in 

 cultivation in China and Japan. At the 

 Universal Exhibition held at Vienna in 

 1873 there were thirteen varieties ex- 

 hibited, differing according to shape, 

 size and colour. M. A. Paillieux, author 

 of " Le Soya, sa composition chimique, 

 ses varietes, sa culture etses usages," 

 (Paris, 1881), concludes that there are 

 thirty varietes of the pulse. 



The following are the results of an 

 attempt to classify the different varie- 

 ties of soy beans collected together in 

 the office of the Reporter on Economic 

 Products to the Government of India. 



First of all the seeds are classified 

 under four heads according to their 

 colour, viz., Yellow, Green, Black, 

 Brown, and Mottled. These are again 

 subdivided according to their weights, 

 which have been ascertained by Babu 

 S. C. Mukerji, m.a. 



A. The Yellow Races, 



Yellow Seeds.— 1. Large Yelloto Soy 

 Bean,— They are globose seeds, one 



hundred weighing from 21'40 to 21*64 

 grammes. They have been grown in the 

 Poona Experimental Farm, most prob- 

 ably from the Chinese seeds known as 

 Te Huang Tou or Large Yellow Bean. 



2. Pale Yellow Bean.— These are glo- 

 bose yellowish seeds but smaller than 

 the preceding (100 seeds = 16 grammes on 

 an average). They seem to be Pai 

 Huang Tou (White Yellow Bean) that 

 have been introduced into Poona. One 

 sample comes lrom Northern Shan 

 States, Burma (100 seeds=l7 "62 grammes). 



3. Small Yellow cioy Bean — They 

 too are globose or ovoid in shape, but 

 one hundred of them weigh only about 

 10 grammes on an average. (The weight 

 varying from 9 to 12 grammes,) They 

 were mostly obtained from the Experi- 

 mental Farm of Poona and seen to be 

 Hsiao Huang Tou (small yellow beau) of 

 China. One sample comes from Haka, 

 Chin Hills, Burma (100 seeds =949 

 grammes) and another from Kalimpoug, 

 Darjeeiiug (100 seeds =9*24 grammes). 



4. Smaller Yelloto Soy Bean- — These 

 samples are elliptical in shape and one 

 hundred seeds weigh on an average 

 about 7 grammes. The seeds have 

 been received from Tiddim, Chin Hills, 

 Burma ; Kalimpong, Dar jeelmg ; Katha, 

 Burma ; Chakratha, Denra Dun ; and 

 Simla, Punjab. 



5. Smallest Yelloto Soy Bean. — They 

 are elliptical or reniform in shape and 

 very small, one hundred seeds weighing 

 from 3 5 to 5 9 grammes. They come 

 mainly from Burma. 



B. The Green Races. 

 Green Seeds. — The ovoid green beans 



are grown in Poona from Cninese seeds, 

 but they have become smaller in the 

 plants naturalized in India, one hundred 

 weighing from 11 '24 to 15*68 grammes, 

 whereas one hundred seeds of the 

 Chinese Green race weigh 18 8 grammes. 

 The epidermis of the seed only is green, 

 the interior being yellow. 



C. The Black Races. 

 Black Seeds. — In these races, the epi- 

 dermis only is black, the inside is 

 yellow. 



1. The large globose race is repre- 

 sented by a sample from Poona, evident- 

 ly grown lioni (Jhmese or Japanese seed. 

 But one hundred seeds weigh 21 '5 gram- 

 mes, whereas one hundred seeds of the 

 Chinese variety weigh 32*19 grammes. 



2. The Small Black Soy Bean,— 

 This bean with flattish elliptical seeds is 

 comparatively largely grown in various 

 districts of tne United Provinces and 

 Pataa Division as well as on the lower 



