June, 1912.] 



525 



Horticulture. 



act. Rather should they have sought, 

 by a remodelling of the Schedule, to 

 have overcome the difficulty of the 

 position. So many ways offer them- 

 selves. For examples exhibitors can be 

 restricted to a stated number of classes 

 (say eight or ten, or any other number), 

 leaving an ample number for less suc- 

 cessful growers to compete in ; or they 

 may be restricted to certain classes thus : 

 " Exhibitors in classes 1, 4, 7, and 10 can- 

 not enter in 2, 3, 5, 6, 8, and 9," and so on. 

 A better way possibly than either of 

 these is to put a maximum limit on the 

 amount of money value which any one 

 exhibitor may take — allowing him to 

 show in any number of classes in which 

 he is qualified to show, but making a 

 clearly worded rule that as soon as his 

 prizes mount up to the maximum value 

 allowed to any one exhibitor to take, he 

 drops, ipso facto, out of all further 

 competition, being credited with the 

 honour of having been adjudged first or 

 second or third in other classes, but 

 being bebarred from taking the money 

 attached to such classes, beyond the 

 maximum amount fixed. 



5. The words "Kinds and Varieties." 



The confusion of these two terms, or 

 their careless substitution one for the 

 other, often land Schedule-makers in far- 

 reaching difficulties. Here is an example 

 which occurred only a few days ago. 

 The Schedule reads thus : " Fruit — 

 Collection of six varieties ; White and 

 Black Grapes allowed." The first prize 

 was won by a collection containing (1) 

 Black Grapes ; (2) White Grapes ; (3) Figs 

 (4) Peaches ; (5) Nectarine ' Pineapple ; ' 

 (6) Nectarine ' Humboldt'— and, very 

 naturally, the two dishes of Nectarines 

 raised vigorous protests from other 

 exhibitors. And yet the protests will 

 not stand for a moment, as all the 

 Schedule asks for is ''six varieties of 

 fruit," ' Pineapple ' and ' Humaoldt' are 

 distinct and undoubted " varieties " of 

 Nectarines : no one could possibly call 

 them the same. At the same time, from 

 the words " White and Black Grapes 

 allowed," it is evident that what the 

 writer of the Schedules meant was " six 



kinds " ; otherwise, why say that a white 

 variety and a black variety of Grapes are 

 allowed if only varieties were meant ? 

 But it is no use meaning one thing if you 

 say or write another. And in the case of 

 a Schedule the judges are bound to 

 adhere to the printed words. And if the 

 words " six varieties " are printed, any 

 exhibitor may show six dishes of varie- 

 ties of any one fruit- say, six varieties 

 of Peaches or of Pears or of Grapes, 

 always provided they are all distinct — 

 or he might show four varieties of 

 Peaches, or any other conceivable 

 combination of six distinct varieties. 

 Whereas, if the word ''kind" had been 

 printed, this exhibitor would have been 

 rightly disqualified for including two 

 dishes of varieties of Nectarines in his 

 collection. ' Pineapple ' and ' Humboldt ' 

 are not different kinds of fruit, but 

 different varieties of the same kind — 

 namely, Nectarine. The R. H. S. Code 

 of Rules for Judging, Sections 1 and 2, 

 defines very clearly what, for Show pur- 

 poses, are to be considered kinds and 

 varieties. 



Many difficulties arise over the words 

 "hardy" flowers, and "annuals." For 

 example, Section 195 A of the Rules reads 

 thus: "In the case of annuals (unless 

 specially forbidden) colour variation is 

 always allowed in the bunches," And 

 here is a case in point. A Schedule asked 

 for ' ' A Collection of Annuals— six distinct 

 varieties." A competitor staged Shirley 

 Poppies as one variety — of course, with 

 mixed colours. A protest was lodged on 

 account of the colour variation, but the 

 Committee rightly disallowed it. Shirley 

 Poppies, being an annual, the mixture of 

 colour was therefore permissible. 



Here is another instance. I am asked, 

 In a class for " Cactus Dahlias— not less 

 than six varieties," would not the words 

 "six colours " be more accurate, as the 

 variety is one ? Here there can be no 

 confusion by the use of the word variety, 

 because the colour variations in Dahlias 

 sufficiently indicate the " varieties " of 

 that plant. 



Again, in a class for "Six varieties of 

 Hardy Spring Flowers," two varieties of 



