On the Antennce and Trophi of Lepidopterous Larvw. 17 



The Attacidw (fig. 66, labrum of Platysamia cecropia) have the 

 spines on the larval labrum, as in Eudamus and Papilio, except that 

 the two large ones are reduced to the ordinary size, and in addition 

 there is another spine arising near to the center of each lobe, making the 

 number of spines sixteen in this subgroup. The spines in the four 

 groups number respectively 10, 12, 14 and 16. And another group 

 (Antispila, etc.) has them obsolete and indefinite. 



That these groups exist is a fact easily demonstrated. What the 

 value of the character on which they are founded is, if it has an}', must 

 be determined by future observations. Of course I am not proposing 

 to classify the Lepidoptera on the basis of any single character or set 

 of organs; for this purpose each species must be considered in its 

 entirety, so to speak. I simply offer the facts and the groups as I 

 have found them, to be considered inter alia by systematists. 



There } T et remain the Tineid genera above alluded to, viz: Cemios- 

 toma, Tischeria, Antispila, Aspidisca and Nepticula, which will not 

 fit into an}' of the above groups, but seem to form a separate group. 

 The larva of Cemiostoma is, both by its labrum and maxillae, sepa- 

 rated from all other Lepidoptera (figs. 67 and 18). The labrum is 

 densely ciliated on the inferior surface — a character which it has in 

 common with all of the lower Tineina, and which, perhaps, simply in- 

 dicates degradation. I have not been able to detect the presence of 

 any trace of the teeth, and the spines are reduced to two minute hairs. 

 But it is the maxillae which are most characteristic here; the outer 

 lobe or palpus is reduced to a mere rudiment, although still two 

 jointed; the third joint of the inner lobe is nearly as large as either of 

 the other two, and has an oblique row of minute processes on its side, 

 and it is crowned with a dense tuft of long cilia. To appreciate the differ- 

 ences between it and the usual forms, compare fig. 18 with figs. 20-28. 



The genus Tischeria is placed by Mr. Stainton among the Elachis- 

 tadai. Dr. Clemens thought its true location was with Lithocolletis. 

 But the larvae of Lithocolletis have in their earl\ r stages trophi of the 

 first form, which Tischeria never has, and the} 7- have only fourteen legs 

 while Tischeria has sixteen; and there are other differences sufficient 

 to separate Tischeria from the Lithocolletidw; while its larval trophi, 

 I think, separate it also from the Elachistadm. The labrum (figs. 75 and 

 76), instead of having the median notch trilobed, has the teeth 

 very large, and although it has, I think, ten or twelve spines, the 

 number is difficult to determine, because they are very minute, and 

 differ scarcety, if at all, from the cilia. But the maxillae are still more 



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