22 4 



Cincinnati Society of Natural History. 



The complete lower jaw, including its two tusks, represents 

 one very old male specimen. 



On examining the fragment of a lower jaw, we find that 

 the cavity for the left lower tusk must have been much 

 smaller than the right one. The most perfect of the two 

 loose mandibular tusks fits nicely into the remnant of the 

 right cavity. Although we can not be absolutely certain that 

 either of these tusks belonged to this identical jaw, yet we 

 have shown that not more than one of them could have 

 belonged to it under any circumstances. 



Thus we have still left another mandibular tusk to assign 

 to a third proboscidian. 



Third. — From the teeth, we find that there are three, and 

 possibly four, mastodons represented. 



If we study the free teeth, we shall find (a) that two are 

 worn in such a way as to prove them to be the upper teeth of 

 the animal to which the complete lower jaw belonged. 

 (6) The two largest and least worn teeth belong to the 

 fragmentary jaw. The size of the teeth, the wear, and, above 

 all, the location when found, satisfactorily prove this state- 

 ment. (V) The two fragments are from the pre-molars of a 

 very young mastodon, as the teats show no signs of wear 

 whatever. * (d) There still remain to be accounted for two 

 badly worn teeth, which can either be attributed to another 

 mastodon, or as cast-off teeth of one of the foregoing. 



The presence of a very young mastodon is indicated not 

 only by the fragments of teeth already referred to, but by 

 several smaller and badly decomposed bones, viz.: 



A portion of a left humerus, 



A right tibia, and 



A very small acetabulum. 



The first two were removed from the excavations only with 

 the utmost difficulty and, afterward, had to be put together 

 with the greatest care, as they contained, upon unwrapping, 

 fifteen and twenty-eight pieces respectively. 



For the first time, in south-western Ohio, small bones, other 

 than mastodon, were found with these remains. An inferior 

 molar of an extinct variety of horse (Eqicus fraternus Leidy), 

 which was contemporary with the Mastodon ; also, a lumbar 



-This opinion has been substantiated by Prof. E. D. Cope. 



