Edible Products. S 



Auditor-General, £2,000 ; Comptroller- 

 General of Customs, £1,600. 



The second-class included eleven Col- 

 lectors of Districts,* six Provisional 

 Judges, two Sitting Magistrates and five 

 other officers on salaries ranging from 

 £600 to £1,800. 



The third-class consisted of five assist- 

 ants to the Collectors of Colombo; 

 Jaffna, Chilaw and Matara ; the Post- 

 master-General and six assistants in 

 other department? ; and the maximum 

 salary was £550. 



A service of at least eight and three 

 years (exclusive of leave to Europe) was 

 necessary before promotion to the first 

 and senior classes. 



A civil fund, originally established 

 by Mr. North (raised by stoppages 

 from salaries and contributions from 

 Government), provided pensions of £600 

 per annum, payable to those in receipt 

 of £2 000 a year, and £500 for all receiving 

 £1,500. There was also a widow's pension 

 of £300 a year, and there were eleven on 

 the fund in 1841. 



Of the gentlemen who had belonged to 

 what was thereafter known as the old 

 Civil Service, the last survivor was Sir 

 Charles P. Layard ; and the first member 

 of the new Civil Service was Mr. W. C. 

 Gibson, whose appointment was dated 

 16 bh September, 1832. 



Besides the above establishment, there 

 had been the staff already specified for 

 the Kandyan Provinces, which was now 

 abolished as a separate charge, and the 

 whole island divided into five Provinces, 

 with a Government Agent over each and 

 assistants in the districts as follows : — 



(1) Central Province (Hon. George 

 Tumour) including Kandy, Madawale- 

 tenne, Matale, Nuwara Eliya and Uva 

 districts. 



(2) Western (Mr. Gisbourne £1,260) in- 

 cluding Colombo, Negombo, Kalutara 

 and Kahtura districts, and the Pour, 

 Three and Seven Korales. 



(3) Northern (Mr. Dyke £1,200) in- 

 cluding Jaffna, Mannar and the Wanni 

 district. 



(4) Eastern (Mr. Huskinson, £1,200) in- 

 cluding Trincomalie and Batticaloa 

 districts. 



(5) Southern (Mr. Wilmot £l,O0C) in- 

 cluding Galle, Matara and Hambantota 

 districts and also Sabaragamuwa. 



There was also the staff at the head- 

 quarters of Government, Colombo, con- 



* The Collectors were entitled to a Com- 

 mission of 2 per cent, on their collections of 

 revenue.— (Circular of 21st July,il808.) 



5 [October, 1911. 



sisting of Colonial Secretary (Anstruther, 

 £2,000),Auditor-General(Marshall,£l,750), 

 Treasurer (Granville £1,750). Appoint- 

 ments to the Civil Service and salaries, 

 however, remained personal, and in 1835 

 the number was only 33, hardly sufficient 

 to fill the higher posts, Revenue and 

 Judicial, so that many of the districts 

 were in the charge of military officers 

 and others; and the lower judicial offices 

 were so filled where not combined with 

 the charge of a district. 



The Chief Secretary (Rodney), the 

 Revenue Commissioner (Downing) and 

 three others retired on pension, and so 

 did the Chief Justice (Sir R. Obtley), but 

 the ethers had apparently to submit to 

 reduced salaries. This, no doubt, gave 

 rise to much discontent and angry feel- 

 ing, to j udge by the following extraordin- 

 ary statement taken from Pridham : 

 " Though the Governor acted with great 

 tact and delicacy, yet the unreasonable 

 character of the persons affected by the 

 measures, led them to give vent to their 

 acrimony by hanging the representative 

 of the Sovereign in effigy." He adds : 

 "The efficacy of the Service increased, 

 there was an unusual improvement in 

 the condition of the people, and increased 

 cultivation of grain by the natives." 



There was undoubtedly increased acti- 

 vity, the record of which still remains, 

 such as tbe settlement of one hundred 

 families at Magama by Mr. Caulfield, the 

 Assistant Agent of Hambantota. Mr, 

 Mooyart (senior) appears to have taken 

 special interest in planting teak, as his 

 name is locally connected with the plant- 

 ations at Tangalle, Matara, as well as in 

 Chilaw. The Colonial Secretary and 

 Lieut-Governor (Mr. Anstruther) was 

 also active and energetic, though he had 

 only one arm. It has been handed down 

 that on one occasion, when visiting a 



Earty working on a flood outlet, the 

 ieut.-Governoi' considered the coolies 

 were not digging properly, so he took 

 over a mamoty and showed how it should 

 be done. When the tool was handed 

 back to the workman with an instruc- 

 tion through the Maha Mudaliyar that 

 that was the way he should work, the 

 complaisant eooly gravely proceeded to 

 dig with one arm! Thosd who think 

 they can improve on native methods of 

 working should lay this incident to 

 heart. 



I will now proceed to explain the na- 

 ture of the administration > changes 

 affecting agriculture and the results as 

 regards paddy cultivation more espe- 

 cially. 



On the change of system, it was most 

 fortunate that such a qualified officer 

 as George Turnour was available to be-; 



