THE LONG-HORNED WOOD-BORING BEETLES. 



1087 



the borers, with possible recourse to the use of repellant washes, is 

 about all that can be done and in the majority of 

 instances should afford considerable protection. In 

 one specimen from Porter County the tips of elytra 

 are acute and divaricate. 



S. Candida Fab. (Fig. 470), length 15-20 mm., 

 has the same range as mo est a. Its larva is known 

 as the "apple tree borer" and is sometimes very 

 destructive to apple, crab-apple, June berry and Fig. 470. Saperda can- 

 red-haw. It attacks the tree near the base, and dida Fab ' Xatural size - 

 several thicknesses of newspaper, loosely tied, or a wire netting kept 

 at a distance of half an inch from the trunk for a height of three 

 feet above the ground from May till September, will serve as a pro- 

 tection. A heavy coating of whitewash with Paris green to the 

 same height will also often prevent the beetle from depositing eggs. 



S. ptmcticollis Say, length 9-10 mm., breeds in the poison ivy, 

 Rhus radicans L., and occurs about the middle of June on that 

 plant. 



2005 (6485). Saperda tbidentata Oliv., Ent, IV, 1795, 30. 



Elongate, slender, subcylindrical. Blackish-brown to 

 piceous, rather densely clothed with fine, gray, prostrate 

 pubescence, that on under surface longer and more con- 

 spicuous ; thorax with an orange stripe each side extend- 

 ing onto head, where it 'divides and encircles an eye, 

 usually with two black dots each side below the stripe ; 

 elytra each with a narrow, submarginal, orange stripe 

 from which proceed three bands, the first nearly trans- 

 verse except at tip, the other two oblique and usually 

 joining those from opposite side at suture. Thorax and 

 elytra rather coarsely and sparsely punctate, the latter 

 with tips subtruncate. Length 9-14 mm. (Fig. 471.) 



Throughout the State; frequent. May 20-July 10. This beetle 

 is commonly known as the "elm borer," as the larva? are very in- 

 jurious to the white and slippery elms, especially to the former 

 when planted as a shade tree. The first signs of its attack are 

 usually seen in the lighter, thinner foliage, followed by a dead 

 limb here and there. Indications of boring soon appear, and the 

 dark sawdust collects in crevices of the bark, and, after the attack 

 has progressed for some time, large portions of the bark may be 

 easily pulled from the tree. The inner portion of the bark may be 

 literally a mass of mines or burrows, and if the work has not gone 

 too far, numerous whitish, flattened, legless grubs may be found in 

 the channels they have excavated. 



[G9— 23402] 



Fig. 471. X 1}. 

 (After Riley.) 



