THE AZORES 



405 



Summary of the results given for the characteristic plants of the 

 Azores in the foregoing tables. 





Macaronesian 

 exclusively- 



a 



a 



cS 



North American 



Remarks 





Total 



Peculiar 

 to Azores 



Africa 



Europ 



Plants of the woods 

 (total 20) 





3 



7 



7 



2 



Two of the peculiar 

 Azorean species are 

 closely allied to Ma- 

 deiran species. 



Plants of the upland 

 moors (total 13) 



2 



2 



4 



11 



3 





Plants of the ponds 

 and lakes (total 9) 











5 



9 



4 





Plants of the sea- 

 coast (total 15) 



1 



1 



7 



13 



6 



The species of Cakile 

 and the doubtful species 

 of Mesembryanthemum 

 are not included. 



Note. — Macaronesia is here taken as comprising the Azores, the Madeiras, and the 

 Canaries. The total under this head includes not only the Azorean plants occurring 

 in the Canaries and Madeira (one or both), but also the peculiar Azorean plants 

 which are indicated in the next column. 



With one exception the African localities are North African, though several of the 

 plants have a wider distribution in the continent. 



(A) The Affinities of the Characteristic Plants of the Woods. — Although 

 the ancestors of the non-European species were in all probability 

 originally derived from Em-ope, they doubtless belong to an early 

 period in the plant-stocking of the group, the connection with their 

 home having been long since broken off. But this rupture has only 

 affected the majority of the plants, about a third of those named 

 in the foregoing list being European species. Three of them, Daphne 

 laureola, Viburnum tinus, and Juniperus occycedrus, grow on the slopes 

 of the Great Atlas at altitudes of 4000 to 6500 feet (Ball), whilst Taxus 

 baccata is at home in the mountains of Algeria (Arcangeli). 



The possibility thus presents itself that the Azores derived some 

 of their European plants by way of the mountains of North-west 

 Africa. But there is reason for the belief that the other two Maca- 

 ronesian groups, the Canaries and the Madeiras, have received 

 similar accessions to their floras from the Atlas Mountains. Thus, 

 to take the Canarian forest flora, we have in Daphne gnidium a 

 European species that is associated on the slopes of the Great Atlas 

 with Daphne laureola, and in Viburnum rigidum a species which 

 from its resemblance to the Azorean variety of V. tinus might be 

 by some regarded as possessing the same parentage (see on this 

 point Trelease, p. 118). Then again the Canarian flora owns in 



