APPENDIX 



501 



special affinity between the floras of Kerguelen, etc., and Fuegia, as 

 distinguished from the flora of the zone generally." 



Perhaps fresh light may be cast on this matter if we regard the 

 story of the differentiation of the genus within itself as indicated in 

 Kukenthal' s pages. Of the two subgenera recognised by Clarke and 

 himself, Pseudo-Carex and Eu-Uncinia, the first holds only a single 

 species, Uncinia kingii, which is confined to Fuegia and from its near 

 approach to Carex supplies a connecting link between the two genera 

 (Kukenthal, pp. 25, 66, 109; Hemsley, Chall. Bot., I., 31). Carex 

 microglochin, which belongs according to Kukenthal (pp. 11, 26) to 

 Primocarex, the oldest of the four subgenera of Carex, is the species 

 to which it is most closely related. It is an arctic-alpine plant of 

 Eurasia and North America, and is associated with Uncinia kingii in 

 Fuegia. The second subgenus, Eu-Uncinia, holds the other twenty- 

 three species. It was subdivided by Clarke, and his opinion is adopted 

 by Kukenthal, into two sections, Platyandrce and Stenandrw, the 

 distribution of which offers the critical point in this discussion. 

 The first holds six species, all of which are South American, one of 

 them reaching the islands of Tristan da Cunha, Amsterdam, and 

 St. Paul. The second section, Stenandrce, holds seventeen species, 

 or about three-fourths of the species of the genus. Four of them 

 are exclusively South American (South Chile and Fuegia). One 

 (U. macrolepis) is common to Fuegia and the South Island of New 

 Zealand. The rest belong to the New Zealand centre, seven being 

 endemic, the others spreading to Tasmania, Australia, Amsterdam, 

 and Kerguelen, and even to New Guinea and Hawaii. 



The situation thus revealed is this. Although the species of the 

 genus are about equally shared between the two centres, South 

 America and New Zealand, South America holds both subgenera and 

 both the sections of the subgenus, Eu-Uncinia. On the other hand, 

 the New Zealand centre holds only one subgenus and only one of its 

 two sections, namely, Stenandrce; but it claims the majority of its 

 species. The upshot of the discussion is that whilst South America 

 was the original differentiating ground of the genus, New Zealand 

 has been the principal centre of " formative power " in later times, 

 the single section, which the last-named region holds, being the 

 most vigorous and productive of the Uncinias. Some of the general 

 arguments that would assign to Eu-Carex, the subgenus comprising 

 two-thirds of the known species of Carex (793 in all), the last place in 

 the development-scale of the genus (see Kukenthal, pp. 11, 25, 26), 

 could be applied to the section StenandroB in the case of Uncinia, 

 both of them holding the bulk of the species and displaying in their 

 development of new forms as well as in their great range the highest 

 degree of virility. 



Note 38 (p. 450). 



The fruiting behaviour of Atriplex portulacoides, L., at Salcombe, 



South Devon. 



This plant came under my notice only in one locality in the Sal- 

 combe district, namely, on the shore of Blanksmill Creek, where it 



