PINACEAE 



forests will take care of themselves and continue to yield their 

 revenue to man. The use of the junipers for ornamental-:, and for 

 wind breaks will probably be much greater in the future. The cut- 

 ting and mutilation of large alligator bark juniper should be dis- 

 couraged. The trees are used only for wood and posts and the com- 

 mon practice is to cut the limbs which will not leave the wood chop- 

 per too fatigued after his job is done. In the nursery the seeds 

 of this species and of J_. uta hens 3 s have proved difficult to germinate. 



Any discussion of the utilization of junipers in woodlot, 

 shelter belt, for erosion control or of the protection in the wood- 

 land forest, is not complete without reference to the very serious 

 diseases which affect them* Several Gymno sporangia causo severe 

 damage to small trees and distortion of large ones. All of these 

 have other hosts than the juniper and their elimination from an 

 existing juniper area or from a planting program which might bring 

 them into association with junipers, will effectively control the 

 diseases. The planting of the following in association with junipers 

 is not a guarantee of the immediate attack by disease but their 

 elimination docs guarantee continued freedom from the disease of 

 which they are alternate hosts : 



The Service Berries (Amelanchicr spp.), Haws (Crataegus spp, ) , 

 fountain Ash (S or bus sop,), Desert Crabapple (Feraphyilum rar.os.is- 

 simun) , Mock Orange (Philadelphus spp. or Fend lera spp.) , and 

 Vauquelini a cal if o mice , Apples and pears are likely to cause 

 trouble with the eastern T, ed Juniper and one variety of pear is 

 attacked by a Gymno sporangia which attacks the alligator bark juniper 

 near Prescott, There may be an excuse for taking a chance on plant- 

 ing fruit trees but it is hardly necessary to use the above mentioned 

 hosts in association with junipers when there are many other plants 

 which can be substituted, 



* J unip er us monosper my, One-Seeded Juniper, This juniper has 

 been discussed somewhat in connection with J, pac hyphloea and J, 

 uta hensi s. In nursery work it has the advantage' in that the seeds 

 are easy to germinate. In at least one locality what we have been 

 calling the one-seeded juniper grows to be a very handsome shapely 

 tree with. a single trunk. This is in the Sycamore Canyon region of 



southern Arizona., The trees in this region also produce a fruit 

 that is very juicy and sweet, almost fit for human consumption, A 

 fair supply of seed of this was collected in the fall of .1937 for 

 nursery production, /mother type of the one- seeded juniper grows 

 in western Texas and southern New Mexico. It is very low, much 

 branched and shrub-like and produces a bronze colored fruit. 



