40 



JAMES A. GRIEG 



[REP. OF THE "MICHAEL SARS" NORTH 



Dorocidaris papillata Leske. 

 Cidaris papillata Leske, Klein Nat. Disp., 1778, p. 61, tab. 39, fig. 2. 



'%. Stat. 3, 49° 32' N., 10' 49' W., 184 m., fine sand. One 

 specimen. Test-diameter 55 mm. 



'%. Stat. 4. 49° 38' N., 11° 35' W., 923 m., sand and mud, 

 temp. 9.2° Cel. Two specimens. Test-diameter 42 mm. and 44 mm. 



Dorocidaris papillata is a North Atlantic species which 

 occurs on the east as well as on the west side of the 

 ocean. It is besides found in the Mediterranean. Very 

 common on the banks along the western coast of 

 Norway as far as Bodo (66° 42' N, 11° 23' E.), which 

 is the northernmost locality of the species, it has not 

 pushed on to the Norwegian fjords, however. Its southern 

 distribution extends at least to the Cape Verde Is. (15° 

 17' N., 23° 3' 45" W., Koehler), but the limits of its 

 southern range can not be definitely fixed, as it has been 

 confused with other species. The bathymetrical distribu- 

 tion is some 60 to 1800 m. 



Porocidaris purpurata Wyville Thomson. 

 Porocidaris purpurata Wyville Thomson, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 

 4, vol. 10, 1872, p. 302. 

 6 / 5 stat. 24, 35° 34' N. 7° 35' W., 1615 m., yellow mud., temp. 

 8° Cel. Three specimens. Test-diameter 31 mm. and 37 mm. 

 respectively. 



»/s stat. 41, 28° 8' N. 13 : 35' W., 1365., yellow mud, temp. 6 : 

 Cel. Two specimens. Test-diameter 42 mm. and 44 mm. respectively. 



This species was discovered by the "Porcupine" in 

 the Faroe — Shetland Channel, 968 — 991 m. (Wyville 

 Thomson) The "Michael Sars" obtained it in 1902 on 

 the slope of the Faroe — Iceland banks toward the 

 Atlantic depths (stat. 79 B, 61° T N. 9° 33' W., 750 m.). 

 It was further found off the south coast of Iceland, 914 

 — 957 m. (Mortensen), the west coast of Ireland, 111 6 — 

 1 409 m. (Sladen and Farran), the Bay of the Biscay, 950 

 —1804 m. (Koehler), the Canary Is., 1098 m. (Koehler) 

 and Rio Ouro, 1439 m. (Mortensen). Porocidaris 

 purpurata is thus distributed at the great depths along 

 the entire east side of the North Atlantic. It was besides 

 taken by the "Valdivia" off the Nicobar Is., 905 m. 

 (Ddderlein). 



Arseosoma hystrix Wyville Thomson. 

 Calveria hystrix Wyville Thomson, Proc. R. Soc. London, vol. 18, 



1869, p. 445. 



10 A stat. 4, 49° 38' N. 11° 35' W., 923 m., sand and mud., temp. 

 9.2° Cel. Two specimens. Test-diameter 120 mm. and 140 mm. re- 

 spectively. 



23 / 5 stat. 41, 28° 8' N. 13 c 35' W., 1365 m., yellow mud., temp. 

 6 Cel. Four specimens. Test-diameter 88 — 109 mm. 



The "Michael Sars" obtained several specimens of 

 this species in 1902 at stat. 76 A, 59° 28' N. 8° 1' W., 

 1100—1300 m., temp. 8.07° Cel. 



Arceosoma hystrix is indigenous to the eastern as well 

 as the western side of the North Atlantic. The northern 

 limit of its range is formed by the ridges and banks 

 which separate the Atlantic from the Norwegian Sea. 

 To the south it ranges to the Canary Is. The bathy- 

 metrical distribution about 180 — 1800 m. 



Phormosoma placenta Wyville Thomson. 

 Phormosoma placenta Wyville Thomson, The Depths of the Sea, 

 1873, p. 171 and p. 459. 

 '% stat. 4, 49° 38' N. 1L 35' W., 923 m., sand and mud., temp. 

 9.2° Cel. Common. 14 preserved specimens measured 60 — 83 mm. 

 in diameter. 



5 /s stat. 21, 35° 31' N. 6° 35' W., 535 m., yellow sand, temp. 

 11.52° Cel. One specimen, diameter 63 mm. 



5 /a stat. 23, 35° 32' N. 7° 7' W., 1215 m., yellow mud., temp. 

 10.17° Cel. Six specimens, diameter 21 — 74 mm. 



Vs stat. 24, 35° 34' N. 7 35' W., 1615 m., yellow mud., temp. 

 8° Cel. Four specimens, diameter 74 — 90 mm. 



3 % stat. 70, 42 59' N. 51° 15' W., 1100 m., temp. 3.7° Cel. 15 

 specimens, diameter 6 — 71 mm. 



-Vi stat. 95, 50° 22' N. 11 44' W., 7 specimens, diameter 

 52—60 mm. 



6 /s— Vs stat. 101, 57°41'N. 11' 48' W., 1853 m., hard clay, 

 temp. 3.3 Cel. 14 specimens, diameter 44 — 75 mm. 



The "Michael Sars" obtained this species together 

 with Arceosoma hystrix and Sperosoma grimaldii in 1902 

 at stat. 76 A, 59° 28' N. 8° l'W., 1100—1300 m., temp. 

 8.07 Cel. 



The specimens from stat. 70 belong to the west 

 Atlantic variety sigsbei A. Agassiz (cfr. Dbderlein: Die 

 Echinoiden d. deutschen Tiefsee Expedition 1 )), the re- 

 mainder to the typical form. 



The typical Phormosoma placenta is an east Atlantic 

 form ranging from the Faroe Is. and Iceland, 62° 58' N. 

 ("Ingolf") to Cameroon, 3° 10' N. ("Valdivia") while the 

 variety sigsbei has a west Atlantic distribution from the 

 Davis Strait, 66° 49' N. (Wandel) to the West Indies, 

 41° 29' 45" N. ("Blake"). It is probable that the species 

 will be met with also at the great depths of the South 

 Atlantic, as varieties of it are known from the Pacific and 

 Indian Oceans. The bathymetrical distribution is 275 — 

 2500 m. 



Sperosoma grimaldii Koehler. 

 Sperosoma grimaldii Koehler, Zool. Anzeiger, vol. 20, 1897, p. 302. 



Vs stat. 25 A, 35° 36' N. 8° 25' W., 2300 m., yellow mud. Three 

 larger specimens, diameter 195—220 mm. and a smaller one, dia- 

 meter 73 mm. 



23 /o stat. 41, 28° 8' N. 13° 35' W., 1365 m, yellow mud. One 

 specimen, diameter 106 mm. 



Sperosoma grimaldii was first found by the Prince 

 of Monaco off the Azores, 1213—1850 m. It was later 



x ) Wissensch. Ergebn. d. deutschen Tiefsee Expedition, Bd. 5, 

 1906, p. 128. 



