to deluge the earth with water, and drown all the 

 people upon it, selected one Caddo family, and 

 placed it on this eminence. The water not rising 

 so high as the top of it, this family was saved, 

 when all the rest of the people in the world were 

 destroyed ; and from this family all the Indian 

 nations are descendants. Not only the Caddos, 

 but all the other bands of Indians, pay homage 

 to this eminence, when they pass it. The neigh- 

 bouring bands consider the Caddoquies their 

 common father, and treat them with respect. 

 Their number of warriors do not much exceed 

 one hundred men, but they brave death with the 

 utmost fortitude, and boast that they have never 

 embrued their hands in the blood of a white man. 

 They carry on an incessant warfare with the 

 Osage and Chicktaw nations, but live in peace 

 with the other bands. 



From the Caddo old towns to the Panis vil- 

 lages, following the course, of the river, which is 

 nearly west, is about seven hundred miles ,* the 

 land alternately clothed with timber and prairie, 

 and some of the prairies very extensive. On a 

 branch of Red river, which comes in about one 

 hundred and thirty miles below the Panis towns, 

 it is said, silver mines have been lately discov- 

 ered ; and just below the first village, the Ra- 

 ha-cha-ha, or the Missouri branch of Red river, 

 enters from the north ; which is a large stream, 

 and the water so brackish ,that it cannot be drank* 

 At its head waters, the Indians collect large 



