ORYZA SATIVA. 



19 



be obtained from 100 lbs. of dMn, from 10 to 15 per cent, will be broken and crushed 

 and of little value. 



Diseases and injuries. Jjice has most to fear from the green fly Q.'d}^^^ gandulci or tanhi, and since the at- 



tacks of these insects do not commence until towards the end of August, it is the finer 

 varieties which suffer most. Strong and healthy plants suffer much less than backward 

 ones, and this furnishes another reason in favour of sowing being as early as possible. 



Cost. The following is the cost of growing an acre of broad-cast and transplanted rice :-— 



Broad-cast. 









Transplanted. 











ES. 



A. 



p. 





ES. 



A. 



p. 



Ploughing (twice). 



.. 1 



a 







Ploughing (four times), ... 



. 3 











Harrowing (twice), 



.. 



4 







Harrowing (twice), 



.. 



4 







Seed (40 seers). 



.. 1 



8 







Seed (25 seers). 



. 



15 







Sowing, 



.. 



4 







Sowing, 



.. 



1 







Weeding (twice), 



.. 3 











Manure (for seed-bed), 



. 



8 







Reaping, 



.. 1 



8 







Transplanting, ... 



.. 4 











Threshing (at ^^th produce), 



.. 1 



8 







Weeding (twice). 



.. 3 











Cleaning, 



.. 



6 







Watering (three times canal flush), 



7 



















Reaping, 



.. 1 



8 















Threshing, 



.. 2 



















Cleaning, 



.. 



6 







Total, . 



.. 9 



14 







Total, . 



.. 22 



10 







Rent, 



.. 4 











Rent, 



.. 6 











Grand Total, . 



.. 13 



14 







Grand Total, . 



.. 28 



10 







This is exclusive of husking, which costs about 6 annas per maund of husked 

 rice. A woman can husk 15 seers of dhdn in a day, the usual rate of payment being 

 2 annas for 5 seers, about f rds of which will be cleaned rice. 

 Outturn. The discrepancies between available authorities as regards the average outturn of a 



rice field are greater than usual, and can only be explained on the hypothesis that in 

 some cases the figures relate to broad-casted, and in others to transplanted, rice. The 

 most elaborate estimate is that framed by Mr. Moens for the Bareilly District, which puts 

 the outturn at 1,218 lbs. (or 14'8 maunds) per acre, although here also it is not specified 

 how far this estimate is dependent on the rice being travisplanted or not. 



In the Districts of the Meerut, Eohilkhand and Benares Divisions and in north 

 Oudh, broad-casted and unirrigated rice may be assumed to yield an average produce of 12 

 maunds per acre, while in the drier Districts towards the centre and south of the Pro- 

 vinces, 10 maunds is the highest average which can be safely taken. 



The outturn of transplanted and irrigated rice may be estimated at 16 maunds per 

 acre, the produce being superior to that of broad-casted rice in quality as well as 

 quantity, commanding at least 50 per cent, higher prices in the market. 



These outturns are of unliusJced rice, and must be reduced by at least 25 per cent, 

 to arrive at the weight of hushed grain. The weight of straw is from to as much 

 again as that of the grain. 



The average area under irrigated and unirrigated rice in the 30 temporarily settled 

 N.-W. Provinces Districts is shown below by Divisions, having been calculated from 

 the returns of the last three years : — 



D 2 



