DEXSMORE] 



MEDICINAL CONSTITITENTS OF PLANTS 



303 



Symphoricwrpos albus (L.) Blake. Snowberry. Caprifoliaceae. Honeysuckle 

 family. 



The root is alterative and tonic. 

 Tanacctum vulgnrc L. Tansy. Compositae. Composite family. 



The leaves and tops are tonic, emmenagogue and diaphoretic. 

 Taraxacum officinale Weber. Dandelion. Compositae. Composite family. 



The rhizome and roots are used as a bitter tonic and as a mild laxative. 

 U. S. P. IX. 



Thuja occidentalis L. Arborvitae. Pinaceae. Pine family. 



An extract prepared from the leafy young twigs has been recommended as a 

 febrifuge, expectorant, and anthelmintic. N. F. 4. 

 Trillium grandiflorum (Michx.) Salisb. Liijaceae. Lily family. 



The rhizome has been used as an astringent and tonic expectorant. 

 Tsuga canadensis (L. ) Carr. Hemlock. Pinaceae. Pine family. 



Canada pitch obtained from this tree is a gentle rubefacient. 

 Vrtica. gracilis Ait. Nettle. Urticaceae. Nettle family. 



Several related si>ecies of nettle have been used in medicine as local irritants 

 and as diuretics. 



Viburnum acerifolium L. Arrow-wood. Caprifoliaceae. Honeysuckle family. 



The bark was formerly used as an astringent. 

 Zanthoxyhim americanum Mill. Prickly ash. Rutaceae. Rue family. 



The bark is sialagogue, stimulant, alterative, and emetic. U. S. P. IX. 



PRINCIPAL ACTIA'E MEDICINAL CONSTITUENTS OF PLANTS USED 



BY THE CHIPPEWA 



AMes balsamea. Constituents: A true turpentine consisting of 24 parts essen- 

 tial oil and 60 parts resin. By fractional distillation the oil has been resolved 

 into bornyl or terpinyl acetate, pinene, and a fragrant oil resembling oil of 

 lemon. 



Achillea millefolium.. Constituents: A blue volatile oil containing cineol and a 



bitter principle, achillein. 

 Acor«.s- calamus. Constituents: The rhizome yields a volatile oil which has the 



composition of a terpene. 

 Actaea rubra. Constituents: Two resins which have a physiological action 



resembling that of the active principles of Cimicifuga and Helleborus. 

 Alnus incana. Constituents : Tannin, volatile oil, and resins. 

 Apocynum androsaemifolium. Constituents: Resins, caoutchouc, a volatile oil, 



and a bitter principle consisting of the glucosides apocynamarin, apocynein, 



androsin, and the glyceride androsterin. 

 Aralia nudicaulis. Constituents: An acrid resin, and araliin. a yellowish 



glucoside. 



Aralia racemosa. Constituents: Same as A. nudicaulis. 



Arctium, minus. Constituents: Inulin, sugar, volatile oil, and a bitter glucoside. 

 Arctostaph i/los ux^a-ursi. Constituents: Tannic acid, gallic acid, gum, resin, 



urson, arbutin, and ericolin. 

 Artemisia absinthium. Constituents: A volatile oil and absinthin, a bitter 



principle. 



Artemisia dracunculoides. Constituents: (?) 



Asarum canadense. Constituents : A phenol C.HuO,., pinene, a blue oil, a lactone, 

 palmitic acid, acetic acid, and a mixture of fatty acids and oleoresin. 



