BEAUTIFUL DECIDUOUS TREES AND SHRUBS. 



dry banks, or in similar positions, in which few things will 

 succeed. They maybe raised in quantity from seed, which 

 ripens freely, and need only be sown in a sheltered spot 

 out oi doors. Cuttings, too, put in a frame are not 

 difficult to strike. The Brooms do not produce many 

 fibrous roots, while the main ones if undisturbed go 

 almost straight down for some distance. From this 

 circumstance established specimens transplant badly, and 

 when growing on in a nursery they should be shifted 

 every year till permanently planted. A good selection of 

 brooms includes : 



C. albllS. Tins is a shrub that reaches a height of 6ft. to 

 loft., ami in May every shoot is wreathed w ith small 

 white pea-shaped blossoms. It is popularly known as the 

 Spanish Broom. 



C. nigricans. -A beautiful shrub from 3ft. to 411. high, 

 clothed with trifoliate leaves, and bearing almost through- 

 out the summer erect racemes of yellow flowers. It is 

 sometimes grafted on the Laburnum, but is more orna- 

 mental on its own roots. 



C. prceCOX. — This flowers even earlier than the Spanish 

 Broom, from which it also differs in being of a shorter 

 and denser habit ol growth ; the flowers are ol a sulphur 

 hue. It is probably a hybrid between C. purgans and 

 C. albus. 



C. purpureas. — The slender si Is of this are long and 



arching, but it seldom reaches more lit in 2ft. in height. 

 The flowers are purple, but there is a variety (albus) in 

 which they are white. 



C. SCOparillS. — This, the yellow Broom, flowers for two 

 months or more, from early May onward. It is a well- 

 known British shrub, varying a good deal in height, 

 according to the conditions under which it is growing, and 

 remarkable for the rich golden colour of its blossoms. 

 There is a very handsome variety (Andreanus), in which 

 the side wings ol the flower are of a deep velvet) brown. 

 The Broom family is of great interest, but unfortunately 

 seldom well represented in English gardens. There are 

 many other kinds of some importance besides those 

 already described, such as the dwarf C Ardoinei, suitable 

 for the rock garden, C. austriacus, C biflorus, C. capitalus, 

 C. decumbens, C. hirsutus, C. monspessulanus, C. pur- 

 pureus, and C. sessitifolius. 



Daphne Mezereum. — Several of the Daphnes are 

 included with the evergreen shrubs, but this beautiful 

 species is quitedeciduous. It forms a sturdy, rather upright, 

 freely-branched bush 3ft. to 4ft. high, and its leafless 

 branches are quite early in the year completely wreathed 

 with charming pink, richly fragrant blossoms. To a 

 particularly deep-coloured form the name of rubrum is 

 applied, while in album the flowers are white. A distinct 

 kind is that known as grandiflora (autumnalis). which 

 blooms in November, and the flowers are larger than the 

 others. The Mezereon likes a cool moist soil, and if 

 shaded from the full rays of the sun so much the belter. 

 The red berries of this Daphne are also very ornamental. 

 It is increased by seeds. The Mezereon and its double 

 while variety are seldom made good use of in gardens. 

 They are valuable shrubs, flowering in early spring, in 

 winter almost when the weather is mild, and should be 

 planted with some carpeting plant beneath. For the 

 delicious fragrance of the flowers one should grow the 

 Mezereon or one of its varieties. 



Desmodium penduliflorum, known sometimes as 

 Lespedeza bicolor. This pushes up slender wand-like 

 shoots from the base to a height of 6ft. or so, clothed 

 with trifoliate leaves, and about September they are 

 terminated by large clustered masses of reddish purple 

 blossoms. Very few other shrubs are in bloom when this 

 is at its best. It can generally be increased by division. 



Deiltzia. — These are all pretty free-flowering shrubs that 

 will do well in any ordinary garden soil that is not dried up 

 during the summer. They can be struck from cuttings of 

 the young shoots taken in July, put into pots of sandv soil, 

 and kept close and shaded in a frame till they root, which 

 will be in about six weeks. A length of 4111. to 5m. is 

 very suitable for the cuttings. They may also be inserted 

 in the open ground after the leaves have fallen. 



D. Crenata is a free-growing shrub, 6ft. 107ft. high, that 

 bears its white blossoms in great prolusion in fune. There- 

 are two double-flowered varieties which may be placed 

 amongst the most beautiful and interesting of flowering 

 shrubs; they are flore-pleno, in which the blossoms 

 are tinged w ith pink outside, and Pride of Rochester, pure 

 w kite. 



D. gracilis. A little bush seldom more than 2ft. high, 

 wnh while flowers, borne as a rule towards the end ol 

 April. It is a universal favourite lor forcing, but out ol 

 doors needs a sheltered spot. 



D. parviflora. 'I his is a pretty early-flowering shrub, 

 lis flowers, instead ol being borne in elongated racemes as 

 in the preceding, are formed into a flattened head. 

 Between 1). gracilis and I), parviflora a hybrid has been 

 raised, which, under the name ol 1). Lemoinei, has proved 

 to be a valuable addition to the genus. I). cor\ nibosa and 

 Scabra are interesting species. 



Dogwood.— See Cornus. 



Elceagnus angustifolia (the Wild Olive) is a loose 



graceful tree 20ft. high, clothed with long Willow-like 

 leaves of a silver)' hue, which w hen the slender branches 

 are stirred by tin- breeze are particularly attractive. 

 E. hortensis is synonymous. 

 EllOnymUS. While the majority of the generally grown 

 forms of Euonymus are evergreen, there are at least two 

 deciduous kinds that must on no account be omitted. 

 They are : 



E. europa?US (the Spindle Tree), a shrub that reaches ;< 

 height of about bit., the flowers being of little account, 

 but in autumn the pendulous fruits, which are ol a light 

 scarlet colour, are decidedly attractive, and still more so 

 alter a time, when the capsule splits and reveals the 

 orange-coloured seeds within. There is a variety (Inn Ui 

 albo) with w hite fruits, also several forms, such as atro- 

 purpureus, aucubadolius, lolius argenteo-variegalis, lolius 

 aureo-variegatis, nanus, and pallidus. 



E. latifolillS. — This is larger in all its parts than the pre- 

 ceding; it forms quite a tree, and has even more showy 

 fruits than those of E. europajus. Both are easily increased 

 by seeds sown when ripe, a small quantity in a pan 

 placed in a frame, and a large amount in a sheltered spot 

 outdoors, covering with -'in. of soil. 



Exoehorda grandiflora (Pearl Bush). — This is some- 

 times classed with Spirceas, and is a very beautiful white- 

 flowered shrub, forming a graceful specimen 6ll. to 8ft. 

 high. It blooms as a rule about the end of April, and is 

 often very attractive upon a wall. It can lie increased by 

 layers put down in autumn or winter, but they take two 

 years to root sufficiently for removal. S. Alberti is an 

 interesting species. 



FagUS (Beech). — The only species worthy of especial 

 mention is the common Beech (Fagus sylvalica). of which 

 there are innumerable varieties, diflering from one another 

 in many ways. Two or three have variegated leaves, and 

 a good form of the purple Beech is partii ularly attractive, 

 while the weeping kind must be included in anv selection 

 of pendulous-crowing trees. There is also a weeping 

 lorm with purple leaves, and mention must be made ol 

 heterophylla, which has leaves cut and slashed in a 

 peculiar way, asplenifo'ia or the Fern-leaved Beech, and 

 cristata. The common Beech can readily be raised from 

 seed, and is used as a stock on which to graft or bud the 

 numerous varieties, grafting being usually done in the 

 forking of the branches in spring, and budding in July. 



Forsythia. — Two pretty early-flowering Japanese shrubs 

 with yellow blossoms. 



F. SUSpensa is the better of the two, and forms a loose- 

 growing plant (almost a climber), which is very beautiful 

 when trained to a wall. If so grown, alter the allotted 

 space is covered the shoots must be allowed to develop at 

 will, when they will droop down for 6ft. or more, and 

 when in flower form golden wreaths. This Forsythia 

 flowers in March, and any pruning that is necessary 

 should be carried out immediately after blooming, as the 

 growth that is then made will flower well the following 

 spring'. Grown as a bush in the open ground it is also 

 beautiful. 



