Fruit trees for ornament and beauty. 519 



the fifth horizontal tier had been reached, the top or fifth rod was allowed to throw up 

 perpendicular shoots, which were disposed at equal distances and then arched over. The best 

 Pears for this purpose will be found, either for cordons or espaliers, in Colmar d'Ete, Louise 

 Bonne, Durondeau, Emile d'Heyst, General Todleben, Fondante de Thirriott, Beurre Hardy, 

 Beurre Superfin, Pitmaston Duchess, Clapp's Favourite, Conference, Beurre Jean Van Geert, 

 and Belle Julie ; all tender kinds, and those making long joints (between the eyes) should be 

 avoided ; Doyenne du Cornice, however, is worth a trial. 



Apples for the same purposes must be free bearers and upon the Paradise stock, those 

 of compact growth being preferable, such as, for dessert lands, Red Quarrenden, Worcester 

 Pearmain, Wealthy (American), Colonel Vaughan, Emperor Alexander, King of the Pippins, 

 Calville Rouge Precoce, Cox's Orange Pippin, Cockle Pippin, Ross Nonpariel, Mabbott's 

 Pearmain, Allington Pippin, Christmas Pearmain, Golden Reinette, Baumann's Reinette, 

 Fearn's Pippin, Sturmer Pippin ; and for kitchen kinds, Duchess of Oldenburgh, Pott's Seedling, 

 Stirling Castle, Grenadier, Golden Spire, Lord Derby, Bismarck', Lane's Prince Albert, 

 Belle de Pontoise, etc. 



NOTE. — These culinary Apples produce very large fruits, and form an interesting contrast 

 to the smaller dessert kinds. 



All the above are specially suitable kinds for arches ; a few others might be added if 

 espaliers are desired, but avoid Ribston Pippin and those kinds liable to canker. 



In forming wide herbaceous borders, espalier fruit trees form a good background, but 

 flowering plants should not be 

 nearer than 3ft. from the 

 trees, or the taller subjects 

 will shade the fruit too much. 

 For this purpose a greater 

 variety of fruit can be utilised 

 and space thus saved in small 

 gardens. 



Special features can be 

 made by forming pavilions of 

 iron with a central garden 

 seat, and if such are four or 

 five or seven sided the panels 

 upon which the plants are to 

 be trained are best fitted with 

 wooden lattice work, as this 

 suits the climbing plants better 

 than iron. Such an erection 

 placed at the junction of three 

 or more walks will form a 

 pretty object when covered 

 with the cut-leaved Bramble, 

 the Logan Berry (a new 

 hybrid from America), the 

 Wine Berry (Rubus phcenico- 

 lasius), the purple claret Vine 

 (Vitis purpurea), the glorious 

 Japanese Vine (Vitis 

 Coignetiae), whose brilliant 

 foliage in the autumn vies 

 with the Virginian Creeper. 



A CROSS WALK AT MADRESFIELD COURT. 



