THE COLUMBIAN EXPOSITION. 



113 



have a wholly wild and natural appearance, but from the 

 inside the borders were designed to look somewhat more trim 

 and gardenesque. It requires the nicest taste to introduce 

 flowering herbs into a wooded border without overdoing it. 

 The faintest suggestion of color here and there gives a truer 

 effect than bold and protruding masses, for it is then properly 

 subordinated to the spirit of the composition, while it is enough 

 to give a feeling of completeness and finish. These flowering 

 plants were introduced into the borders, against the shrubbery, 

 with most dainty effect, and one was surprised to see what 

 interest such frugal plantings may add to a landscape. J. C« 

 Vaughan contributed a running exhibit to these borders. 

 Among the plants which gave very pleasing effects were the 

 following familiar species : Pinks, candytuft, wallflower (hes- 

 peris), pyrethrums, bachelor's buttons, foxgloves, sweet Wil- 

 liams, daisies (bellis), bleeding hearts, dusty miller (Lychnis 

 coronaricC), wild thalictrums, Saponaria ocymoides, Geum atrosan- 

 guineum, forget-me-nots, corn poppies, Papaver nudicaule, pink 

 yarrow, Anemone Pennsylvanica, Canterbury bells, irises, peren- 

 nial phlox, Lythrum Salicaria, Potentilla fruticosa, columbines 

 and larkspurs. 



Other bloom appeared late in the season. Hydrangeas, lilies 

 and dahlias were particularly prominent, although they were 

 seriously injured by the severe drouth. 



Roses. — No other floral display of the Horticultural Depart- 

 ment awakened such interest as the roses. The last days of 

 June and the first days of July saw all the rose plantations in 

 excellent bloom. The chief interest centered about the rose 

 garden in the southeastern portion of the island (plot 20, map 

 on page 105), for not only were the displays good, considering 

 the conditions, but there was something of unusual suggestive- 

 ness in a garden given over bodily to a wealth of roses. This 

 rose garden comprised a little less than an acre of land in rec- 

 tangular shape and surrounded by a chain fence. It was laid 

 out in severe geometric fashion and comprised forty beds, four 

 of which were filled with clematis. In design this garden 

 reminded one of a gigantic hot-air register. From an artistic 

 point of view, some freer and more natural arrangement of 

 groups or clumps upon the sward would have been better ; but 

 it must be considered that the plants were received so irregu- 

 larly that little definite planning for effects could have been 

 confidently made, and many of the plants were so small that 

 they would have given little character to any bold system of 

 grouping. 



In considering the ornamental plantations, one must 

 remember that the soil was but a shallow covering of black 

 8 



