2(5 



PRINCIPLES OP PLANT-TERATOLOGY. 



bates mo rchellseformis 99 as a normal form, but it is 

 almost certainly merely an abnormal variation. 



Jacobasch describes a Clitocybe laceatus whose cap 

 was split into two, and the whole upper surface was 

 covered with gills which were continuous with the lower 

 ones at the split region. 



Ferry mentions a G. nebular is whose cap was 

 covered with small spheres the surface of which con- 

 sisted of sinuous, labyrinthiform alveolae lined with 

 hymenium. 



Vuillemin observed in Hydnum and Gantharellus 

 tubaefonnis patches of hymenium on the upper surface, 

 due to upturning of portions of normal hymenium and 

 subsequent fusion across of the marginal lobes of the 

 cap, thus cutting off and including the hymenium as 

 islands. In H. repandum the cap of one individual 

 became fused on one side to the stipe of another, when 

 that same (upper) side of the cap became covered with 

 fertile projections ; hence in this case the latter could 

 not owe their origin to invaginations from the lower 

 surface. 



In this same plant Phillips describes the occurrence 

 of several groups of spines on the upper surface, of 

 the same colour and shape as those of the normal 

 hymenium. The upper part of tlie dipe was also 

 covered with similar, but downwardly-directed spines. 



Very interesting are the cases afforded by Poly par us ; 

 this genus seems more susceptible than most fungi to 

 the phenomenon under consideration. 



Vuillemin noticed that P. sulphureus bore spori- 

 ferous tubes on its upper surface when growing in the 

 darkness of tree-hollows. He also observed that in 

 plants growing on roots which were appearing above- 

 ground, disk-shaped and not unilateral caps • were 

 formed, with the hymenium directed upwards. A 

 Polyporus betulinus was described whose cap was con- 

 stricted into two portions, one of which was normal, 

 the other with hymenium on both surfaces, this being 

 perhaps due to the one half growing out beyond the 



